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Postgres Pro Standard 14.1.1 has been released!
CREATE PROFILE and ALTER ROLE sections in the documentation). The mamonsu monitoring utility has been upgraded to version 3.1.0 which supports PostgreSQL 14 and adds a new option for bootstrap . With this option, if dbname
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А deep dive into PostgreSQL query optimizations
database has demonstrated poor performance. However, they can’t show any resource-consuming query texts. Therefore, some additional PostgreSQL extensions should be used for that purpose. List of extensions for tracking resource-intensive queries
Optimizing PostgreSQL queries: questions and answers
database cache. As a result, you may consider increasing the RAM and the shared_buffers setting as well. There are also many metrics provided by the mamonsu agent. For more information on it, please
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Locks in PostgreSQL: 4. Locks in memory
database. => CREATE EXTENSION pg_wait_sampling; The extension allows us to look through the history
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Locks in PostgreSQL: 3. Other locks
CREATE TABLE example(n integer); Now let's see what locks of the object type appeared in pg_locks : => SELECT database
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Locks in PostgreSQL: 2. Row-level locks
database management systems apply escalation of locks: if the number of row-level locks gets too high, they are replaced with one, more general lock (for example: a page-level or an entire table-level
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Locks in PostgreSQL: 1. Relation-level locks
created at startup, so to change any of the two above parameters a server restart is required. You can see all the locks in the pg_locks view. If a resource is already locked
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WAL in PostgreSQL: 4. Setup and Tuning
create the data snapshot to track changes to the system catalog. We will not go into details of backup and replication now since this is a topic for a separate series of articles. Reliability
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WAL in PostgreSQL: 3. Checkpoint
CREATE EXTENSION pg_buffercache; => SELECT count(*) FROM pg_buffercache WHERE isdirty; count ------- 78 (1 row) Let's remember the current WAL location: => SELECT pg_current_wal_insert_lsn(); pg_current_wal_insert
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WAL in PostgreSQL: 2. Write-Ahead Log
created. The utility can also work with a range of LSNs (as in this example) and select the records for a transaction specified. You should run the utility as postgres OS user since it will
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WAL in PostgreSQL: 1. Buffer Cache
creating (see the "Training courses" section of our website), but does not repeat them verbatim and is intended for careful reading and self-experimenting. This series will consist of four parts: Buffer cache (this article
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MVCC in PostgreSQL — 8. Freezing
created the rows ( xmin_age ) equals one - this is the last transaction performed in the system: => SELECT * FROM heap_page('tfreeze',0,1); ctid | state | xmin | xmin_age | xmax | t_ctid -------+--------+---------+----------+-------+-------- (0,1) | normal
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MVCC in PostgreSQL — 7. Autovacuum
database, and they will work together. "Together" just means that the second process will build its own list and work through it. So, only different tables will be processed in parallel, but there
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MVCC in PostgreSQL — 6. Vacuum
database: reports running for hours will not let updated tables be duly vacuumed. Creation of a separate
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MVCC in PostgreSQL — 5. In-page vacuum and HOT updates
created as a result of updates. The default value for tables is 100, that is, no space is reserved (and the default value for indexes is 90). In-page vacuum deletes tuples that