Part VII. Internals

This part contains assorted information that might be of use to Postgres Pro developers.

Table of Contents

50. Overview of Postgres Pro Internals
50.1. The Path of a Query
50.2. How Connections Are Established
50.3. The Parser Stage
50.4. The Postgres Pro Rule System
50.5. Planner/Optimizer
50.6. Executor
51. System Catalogs
51.1. Overview
51.2. pg_aggregate
51.3. pg_am
51.4. pg_amop
51.5. pg_amproc
51.6. pg_attrdef
51.7. pg_attribute
51.8. pg_authid
51.9. pg_auth_members
51.10. pg_cast
51.11. pg_class
51.12. pg_collation
51.13. pg_constraint
51.14. pg_conversion
51.15. pg_database
51.16. pg_db_role_setting
51.17. pg_default_acl
51.18. pg_depend
51.19. pg_description
51.20. pg_enum
51.21. pg_event_trigger
51.22. pg_extension
51.23. pg_foreign_data_wrapper
51.24. pg_foreign_server
51.25. pg_foreign_table
51.26. pg_index
51.27. pg_inherits
51.28. pg_init_privs
51.29. pg_language
51.30. pg_largeobject
51.31. pg_largeobject_metadata
51.32. pg_namespace
51.33. pg_opclass
51.34. pg_operator
51.35. pg_opfamily
51.36. pg_partitioned_table
51.37. pg_policy
51.38. pg_proc
51.39. pg_profile
51.40. pg_publication
51.41. pg_publication_rel
51.42. pg_range
51.43. pg_replication_origin
51.44. pg_rewrite
51.45. pg_role_password
51.46. pg_seclabel
51.47. pg_sequence
51.48. pg_shdepend
51.49. pg_shdescription
51.50. pg_shseclabel
51.51. pg_statistic
51.52. pg_statistic_ext
51.53. pg_statistic_ext_data
51.54. pg_subscription
51.55. pg_subscription_rel
51.56. pg_tablespace
51.57. pg_transform
51.58. pg_trigger
51.59. pg_ts_config
51.60. pg_ts_config_map
51.61. pg_ts_dict
51.62. pg_ts_parser
51.63. pg_ts_template
51.64. pg_type
51.65. pg_user_mapping
51.66. System Views
51.67. pg_available_extensions
51.68. pg_available_extension_versions
51.69. pg_backend_memory_contexts
51.70. pg_config
51.71. pg_cursors
51.72. pg_file_settings
51.73. pg_group
51.74. pg_hba_file_rules
51.75. pg_indexes
51.76. pg_locks
51.77. pg_matviews
51.78. pg_policies
51.79. pg_prepared_statements
51.80. pg_prepared_xacts
51.81. pg_publication_tables
51.82. pg_replication_origin_status
51.83. pg_replication_slots
51.84. pg_roles
51.85. pg_rules
51.86. pg_seclabels
51.87. pg_sequences
51.88. pg_settings
51.89. pg_shadow
51.90. pg_shmem_allocations
51.91. pg_stats
51.92. pg_stats_ext
51.93. pg_stats_ext_exprs
51.94. pg_tables
51.95. pg_timezone_abbrevs
51.96. pg_timezone_names
51.97. pg_user
51.98. pg_user_mappings
51.99. pg_views
52. Frontend/Backend Protocol
52.1. Overview
52.2. Message Flow
52.3. SASL Authentication
52.4. Streaming Replication Protocol
52.5. Logical Streaming Replication Protocol
52.6. Message Data Types
52.7. Message Formats
52.8. Error and Notice Message Fields
52.9. Logical Replication Message Formats
52.10. Summary of Changes since Protocol 2.0
53. Writing a Procedural Language Handler
54. Writing a Foreign Data Wrapper
54.1. Foreign Data Wrapper Functions
54.2. Foreign Data Wrapper Callback Routines
54.3. Foreign Data Wrapper Helper Functions
54.4. Foreign Data Wrapper Query Planning
54.5. Row Locking in Foreign Data Wrappers
55. Writing a Table Sampling Method
55.1. Sampling Method Support Functions
56. Writing a Custom Scan Provider
56.1. Creating Custom Scan Paths
56.2. Creating Custom Scan Plans
56.3. Executing Custom Scans
57. Genetic Query Optimizer
57.1. Query Handling as a Complex Optimization Problem
57.2. Genetic Algorithms
57.3. Genetic Query Optimization (GEQO) in Postgres Pro
57.4. Further Reading
58. Table Access Method Interface Definition
59. Index Access Method Interface Definition
59.1. Basic API Structure for Indexes
59.2. Index Access Method Functions
59.3. Index Scanning
59.4. Index Locking Considerations
59.5. Index Uniqueness Checks
59.6. Index Cost Estimation Functions
60. Generic WAL Records
61. B-Tree Indexes
61.1. Introduction
61.2. Behavior of B-Tree Operator Classes
61.3. B-Tree Support Functions
61.4. Implementation
62. GiST Indexes
62.1. Introduction
62.2. Built-in Operator Classes
62.3. Extensibility
62.4. Implementation
62.5. Examples
63. SP-GiST Indexes
63.1. Introduction
63.2. Built-in Operator Classes
63.3. Extensibility
63.4. Implementation
64. GIN Indexes
64.1. Introduction
64.2. Built-in Operator Classes
64.3. Extensibility
64.4. Implementation
64.5. GIN Tips and Tricks
64.6. Limitations
64.7. Examples
65. BRIN Indexes
65.1. Introduction
65.2. Built-in Operator Classes
65.3. Extensibility
66. Hash Indexes
66.1. Overview
66.2. Implementation
67. Database Physical Storage
67.1. Database File Layout
67.2. TOAST
67.3. Free Space Map
67.4. Visibility Map
67.5. The Initialization Fork
67.6. Database Page Layout
67.7. Heap-Only Tuples (HOT)
68. How the Planner Uses Statistics
68.1. Row Estimation Examples
68.2. Multivariate Statistics Examples
68.3. Planner Statistics and Security
69. Backup Manifest Format
69.1. Backup Manifest Top-level Object
69.2. Backup Manifest File Object
69.3. Backup Manifest WAL Range Object