Thread: Re: Slow SELECT -> Growing Database
On Mon, 2002-06-24 at 22:43, Stephan Szabo wrote:
> On 24 Jun 2002, Marcos Garcia wrote:
>
> Hmm, that should only happen if you're doing alot of updates or deletes
> I would guess (updates would cause it to slow down as well since it's
> similar to a delete and insert under MVCC). And frequent normal vacuums
> should do that as well unless the table has high turnover.
>
> Well, if you haven't yet, you might try upping the sort_mem and
> shared_buffers amounts, although I think the former would only
> potentially cut down the difference between 32s and 59s and the
> latter would probably only help on a later use of the call if the
> buffer is big enough to hold a significant portion of the pages.
>
The problem isn't in the select.
I realize that my database is growing and growing.
I've two tables that have, lets say, 120.000 records each, and:
- delete about 30.000 records a day from each table
- insert about 30.000 records a day on each table
- update each record at least 4 four times
I've two other ones, that were mentioned in my previous emails, that
have 12.000 records each, and:
- insert 48 records a day in each table
- =~ 120.000 updates in the last inserted records.
Track the problem:
# df -h /var/lib/pgsql -> 7.8 GB (I create this database 4 month's ago)
# pg_dump dbnane > dbname.dump
# dropdb dbname
# createdb dbname
# psql dbaname < dbname.dump
# df -h /var/lib/pgsql -> 140 M
I don't understand why the database is growing????
And is still growing.
I make a vacuum -z -d dbname everyday (I checked if it really runs).
The only reason, for the growing of the database space, that i can see
for now, is described in the following lines.
I've some perl programs that are concurrent in the access to the
database, so i've have to make "SELECT FOR UPDATE". The algorithm of the
program is:
Autocommit = 0;
eval {select id from table where state=1 for update limit 10;update table set locked = true where id in (?);
};
if (ERROR){ROLLBACK;
}else{COMMIT;
}
Autocommit = 1;
What are the major reasons for the growing of the database disk space?
Maybe the following information is important:
dbname> select relname, relpages,reltuples from pg_class order by relpages desc limit 10;
relname | relpages | reltuples
---------------------------------+----------+-----------sms_recv | 30911 | 46801sms_send
| 7026 | 49119sms_recv_unique_idclimsgidclien | 4561 | 46801sms_recv_pkey
| 3647 | 46801sms_recv_msgidclient_idx | 3615 | 46801recv_total |
1864 | 8120send_total | 1378 | 12315sms_send_pkey | 991 |
49119sms_send_idclient_idx | 913 | 49119recv_total_idclismsdate | 686 | 8120
(10 rows)
I really appreciate your help,
thanks,
M.P.Garcia
--
M.P.Garcia
PT Inovação, SA
Serviços e Redes Móveis
Rua José Ferreira Pinto Basto - 3810 Aveiro
Tel: 234 403 253 - Fax: 234 424 160
E-mail: marcos-p-garcia@ptinovacao.pt
On 27 Jun 2002, Marcos Garcia wrote: > On Mon, 2002-06-24 at 22:43, Stephan Szabo wrote: > > On 24 Jun 2002, Marcos Garcia wrote: > > > > Hmm, that should only happen if you're doing alot of updates or deletes > > I would guess (updates would cause it to slow down as well since it's > > similar to a delete and insert under MVCC). And frequent normal vacuums > > should do that as well unless the table has high turnover. > > > > Well, if you haven't yet, you might try upping the sort_mem and > > shared_buffers amounts, although I think the former would only > > potentially cut down the difference between 32s and 59s and the > > latter would probably only help on a later use of the call if the > > buffer is big enough to hold a significant portion of the pages. > > > > > The problem isn't in the select. > > I realize that my database is growing and growing. > > I've two tables that have, lets say, 120.000 records each, and: > - delete about 30.000 records a day from each table > - insert about 30.000 records a day on each table > - update each record at least 4 four times > > I've two other ones, that were mentioned in my previous emails, that > have 12.000 records each, and: > - insert 48 records a day in each table > - =~ 120.000 updates in the last inserted records. > > Track the problem: > > # df -h /var/lib/pgsql -> 7.8 GB (I create this database 4 month's ago) > > # pg_dump dbnane > dbname.dump > > # dropdb dbname > > # createdb dbname > > # psql dbaname < dbname.dump > > # df -h /var/lib/pgsql -> 140 M > > I don't understand why the database is growing???? Well, I'd suggest starting with doing some reindex (or drop/create) indexes on big indexes (their space doesn't get reclaimed by vacuum currently). Another possibility is that you've got more pages having open space than the free space map has space for so you might want to increase max_fsm_pages and see if that helps. And, if you're effectively updating the table entirely 4 times in the day, you might want to run a vacuum more often (you probably don't need the analyze)
On Thu, Jun 27, 2002 at 04:24:04PM +0100, Marcos Garcia wrote:
> On Mon, 2002-06-24 at 22:43, Stephan Szabo wrote:
> > On 24 Jun 2002, Marcos Garcia wrote:
> >
> > Hmm, that should only happen if you're doing alot of updates or deletes
> > I would guess (updates would cause it to slow down as well since it's
> > similar to a delete and insert under MVCC). And frequent normal vacuums
> > should do that as well unless the table has high turnover.
> >
> > Well, if you haven't yet, you might try upping the sort_mem and
> > shared_buffers amounts, although I think the former would only
> > potentially cut down the difference between 32s and 59s and the
> > latter would probably only help on a later use of the call if the
> > buffer is big enough to hold a significant portion of the pages.
> >
>
>
> The problem isn't in the select.
>
> I realize that my database is growing and growing.
>
> I've two tables that have, lets say, 120.000 records each, and:
> - delete about 30.000 records a day from each table
> - insert about 30.000 records a day on each table
> - update each record at least 4 four times
>
if you have a lot of change going on in your db do not forget
to reindex your tables every so often. Index space is not
reclamed by vacuum, the first time can take a long time. Also
in 7.2+ vacuum got a new keyword 'full'. "vacuum full' reclaims
disk space like in 7.1, the devault vacuum just marks rows that
were deleted as reusable.
lookin at your numbers you have 60,000 definate index entries
created each day, per index. And you have 120,000 x 4(min)=
480,000 endex entries created per index, if I remember correctly
update is handled by inserting a new row and deleteing the old
row. So it looks like 540,000 index entries changed per day.
good luck
marc
> I've two other ones, that were mentioned in my previous emails, that
> have 12.000 records each, and:
> - insert 48 records a day in each table
> - =~ 120.000 updates in the last inserted records.
>
> Track the problem:
>
> # df -h /var/lib/pgsql -> 7.8 GB (I create this database 4 month's ago)
>
> # pg_dump dbnane > dbname.dump
>
> # dropdb dbname
>
> # createdb dbname
>
> # psql dbaname < dbname.dump
>
> # df -h /var/lib/pgsql -> 140 M
>
> I don't understand why the database is growing????
> And is still growing.
> I make a vacuum -z -d dbname everyday (I checked if it really runs).
>
> The only reason, for the growing of the database space, that i can see
> for now, is described in the following lines.
>
> I've some perl programs that are concurrent in the access to the
> database, so i've have to make "SELECT FOR UPDATE". The algorithm of the
> program is:
>
> Autocommit = 0;
> eval {
> select id from table where state=1 for update limit 10;
> update table set locked = true where id in (?);
> };
> if (ERROR){
> ROLLBACK;
> }else{
> COMMIT;
> }
> Autocommit = 1;
>
>
> What are the major reasons for the growing of the database disk space?
>
> Maybe the following information is important:
>
> dbname> select relname, relpages,reltuples from pg_class order by relpages desc limit 10;
>
> relname | relpages | reltuples
> ---------------------------------+----------+-----------
> sms_recv | 30911 | 46801
> sms_send | 7026 | 49119
> sms_recv_unique_idclimsgidclien | 4561 | 46801
> sms_recv_pkey | 3647 | 46801
> sms_recv_msgidclient_idx | 3615 | 46801
> recv_total | 1864 | 8120
> send_total | 1378 | 12315
> sms_send_pkey | 991 | 49119
> sms_send_idclient_idx | 913 | 49119
> recv_total_idclismsdate | 686 | 8120
> (10 rows)
>
>
>
> I really appreciate your help,
>
> thanks,
>
> M.P.Garcia
>
>
> --
> M.P.Garcia
> PT Inovação, SA
> Serviços e Redes Móveis
> Rua José Ferreira Pinto Basto - 3810 Aveiro
> Tel: 234 403 253 - Fax: 234 424 160
> E-mail: marcos-p-garcia@ptinovacao.pt
> The problem isn't in the select. > > I realize that my database is growing and growing. > > I've two tables that have, lets say, 120.000 records each, and: > - delete about 30.000 records a day from each table > - insert about 30.000 records a day on each table > - update each record at least 4 four times > > I've two other ones, that were mentioned in my previous emails, that > have 12.000 records each, and: > - insert 48 records a day in each table > - =~ 120.000 updates in the last inserted records. > > Track the problem: > > # df -h /var/lib/pgsql -> 7.8 GB (I create this database 4 month's ago) > > # pg_dump dbnane > dbname.dump > > # dropdb dbname > > # createdb dbname > > # psql dbaname < dbname.dump > > # df -h /var/lib/pgsql -> 140 M > > I don't understand why the database is growing???? > And is still growing. > I make a vacuum -z -d dbname everyday (I checked if it really runs). You have never mentioned PostgreSQL verison you are using, so... (1) if that's 7.2.x, you need to slightly increase FSM parameters in postgresql.conf. As you have ~8GB database, probablyyou need to set max_fsm_pages to: 8*1024*1024*1024/8192 = 1048576. It will need about 7MB more shmem, but itwould not be too much for modern PC. (2) if that's 7.1.x, or earlier, you need to vacuum and reindex more frequently. -- Tatsuo Ishii