Thread: Inheritance docs error.
Hello, I have noticed some errors in the 7.1 Documentation. Specifically, in the sections involving inheritance. In Chapter 8. it shows syntax of: create table <name> UNDER <name> ( ... ) In Reference Manual CREATE TABLE shows syntax of: create table <name> ( ... ) under <name> In psql, \h create table shows syntax of: create table <name> ( ... ) inherits (<name>) It seems that the last one is correct -- or at least works for me. Thanks, Paul PS -- Version 7.1 is great! -- Thank You. -- Paul Govereau pgoverea@akamai.com govereau@mit.edu
Paul Govereau writes: > I have noticed some errors in the 7.1 Documentation. > Specifically, in the sections involving inheritance. > > In Chapter 8. it shows syntax of: > create table <name> UNDER <name> ( ... ) > > In Reference Manual CREATE TABLE shows syntax of: > create table <name> ( ... ) under <name> > > In psql, \h create table shows syntax of: > create table <name> ( ... ) inherits (<name>) > > It seems that the last one is correct -- or at least works for me. They are all correct: UNDER is the new SQL99 syntax, INHERITS is the traditional Postgres syntax. The reason that psql \h shows the old syntax is that the current snapshots are distributed with the old (7.0) documentation, whereas you probably got the first two things off the web. -- Peter Eisentraut peter_e@gmx.net http://yi.org/peter-e/
Peter Eisentraut <peter_e@gmx.net> writes:
>> It seems that the last one is correct -- or at least works for me.
> They are all correct: UNDER is the new SQL99 syntax, INHERITS is the
> traditional Postgres syntax.
Current docs do appear to be erroneous: they claim the UNDER phrase goes
where INHERIT does, which is not what the grammar thinks. I haven't
looked at SQL99 to see which is right.
regards, tom lane
Tom Lane writes: > Peter Eisentraut <peter_e@gmx.net> writes: > >> It seems that the last one is correct -- or at least works for me. > > > They are all correct: UNDER is the new SQL99 syntax, INHERITS is the > > traditional Postgres syntax. > > Current docs do appear to be erroneous: they claim the UNDER phrase goes > where INHERIT does, which is not what the grammar thinks. I haven't > looked at SQL99 to see which is right. The grammar appears to be correct to the extent that SQL99 wants the UNDER before the column list, so I corrected the documentation at that point. However, the syntax as a whole is not SQL99-compliant. -- Peter Eisentraut peter_e@gmx.net http://yi.org/peter-e/
Peter Eisentraut <peter_e@gmx.net> writes:
>>>> They are all correct: UNDER is the new SQL99 syntax, INHERITS is the
>>>> traditional Postgres syntax.
>>
>> Current docs do appear to be erroneous: they claim the UNDER phrase goes
>> where INHERIT does, which is not what the grammar thinks. I haven't
>> looked at SQL99 to see which is right.
> The grammar appears to be correct to the extent that SQL99 wants the UNDER
> before the column list, so I corrected the documentation at that point.
> However, the syntax as a whole is not SQL99-compliant.
Hmm. After looking at the SQL99 syntax, it seems that what we've done
with our grammar is to take the old INHERITS functionality and plaster
a vaguely-SQL-like syntax on it. I have to wonder whether this is a
good idea. I think it'll get in the way when and if we want to offer
true SQL99 UNDER behavior, which is only marginally related to INHERITS.
(In particular, SQL99 seems to want an explicit specification of the
structured type that's being inherited.)
I am strongly inclined to rip out the pseudo-UNDER clause and support
only the old-style INHERITS syntax for 7.1. UNDER is adding no
functionality and I think we will eventually regret using an SQL keyword
for non-SQL semantics.
Comments?
regards, tom lane
Tom Lane wrote: > > Peter Eisentraut <peter_e@gmx.net> writes: > >>>> They are all correct: UNDER is the new SQL99 syntax, INHERITS is the > >>>> traditional Postgres syntax. > >> > >> Current docs do appear to be erroneous: they claim the UNDER phrase goes > >> where INHERIT does, which is not what the grammar thinks. I haven't > >> looked at SQL99 to see which is right. > > > The grammar appears to be correct to the extent that SQL99 wants the UNDER > > before the column list, so I corrected the documentation at that point. > > However, the syntax as a whole is not SQL99-compliant. > > Hmm. After looking at the SQL99 syntax, it seems that what we've done > with our grammar is to take the old INHERITS functionality and plaster > a vaguely-SQL-like syntax on it. I have to wonder whether this is a > good idea. I think it'll get in the way when and if we want to offer > true SQL99 UNDER behavior, which is only marginally related to INHERITS. > (In particular, SQL99 seems to want an explicit specification of the > structured type that's being inherited.) > > I am strongly inclined to rip out the pseudo-UNDER clause and support > only the old-style INHERITS syntax for 7.1. UNDER is adding no > functionality and I think we will eventually regret using an SQL keyword > for non-SQL semantics. > > Comments? I'm all for it, as UNDER and INHERITS seem to offer different benefits. As UNDER is strictly single-inheritance, the best way to implement it seems to use a single file for all tables "under" the root table which will give us almost automatic primary keys and other constraints which are much trickier to implement or even to define for multimple inheritance (e.g. how do you "inherit" a primary key from two parents' primary keys) So just leave it out until we have a _real_ under implementation, or else someone will use it and lock us into backwards-compatibility trap. -------------- Hannu
> I am strongly inclined to rip out the pseudo-UNDER clause and support
> only the old-style INHERITS syntax for 7.1. UNDER is adding no
> functionality and I think we will eventually regret using an SQL keyword
> for non-SQL semantics.
I agree with you, Hannu, et al. If it isn't making a good effort in
truely supporting SQL9x, then it isn't yet worth having in the parser.
- Thomas
"Robert B. Easter" <reaster@comptechnews.com> writes: > I thought about this UNDER/INHERITS stuff months ago and wrote this file: > http://www.comptechnews.com/~reaster/pgoo.html Good analysis, especially the fundamental point that UNDER is only designed to support single inheritance, whereas INHERITS allows multiple inheritance. The current grammar treats UNDER as interchangeable with INHERITS, including allowing multiple names to be listed as UNDER. That would certainly be a fatal mistake, since it would create a backwards compatibility problem as soon as we wanted to support any of the features of UNDER that require single inheritance. > I'm not sure everything in the file is correct though. One thing that bothered me is that my reading of the SQL99 draft disallows the UNDER syntax you are using. I read: <table definition> ::= CREATE [ <table scope> ] TABLE <table name> <table contents source> [ ON COMMIT <table commit action> ROWS ] <table contents source> ::= <table element list> | OF <user-defined type> [ <subtable clause> ] [ <table element list> ] <subtable clause> ::= UNDER <supertable clause> <supertable clause> ::= <supertable name> It looks to me like "UNDER <table name>" cannot appear without a preceding "OF <user-defined type>". I am not clear on the semantic implications of the OF clause. Anyway, we seem to have a clear consensus to pull the UNDER clause from the grammar and stick with INHERITS for 7.1. I will take care of that in the next day or so. regards, tom lane
I thought about this UNDER/INHERITS stuff months ago and wrote this file: http://www.comptechnews.com/~reaster/pgoo.html It might have something of value to someone. I'm not sure everything in the file is correct though. I remember the idea of UNDER is to be compatible with storing data from a Java program, which only does single inheritance of classes and multiple for interface types. UNDER and INHERIT are different enough to be completely separate and coexisting. It's an interesting subject, but I don't have anything much else to say about this topic since I have no plans to implement it! I'd have to study postgres for another year probably first! :) On Sunday 31 December 2000 22:57, Hannu Krosing wrote: > Tom Lane wrote: > > Peter Eisentraut <peter_e@gmx.net> writes: > > >>>> They are all correct: UNDER is the new SQL99 syntax, INHERITS is > > >>>> the traditional Postgres syntax. > > >> > > >> Current docs do appear to be erroneous: they claim the UNDER phrase > > >> goes where INHERIT does, which is not what the grammar thinks. I > > >> haven't looked at SQL99 to see which is right. > > > > > > The grammar appears to be correct to the extent that SQL99 wants the > > > UNDER before the column list, so I corrected the documentation at that > > > point. However, the syntax as a whole is not SQL99-compliant. > > > > Hmm. After looking at the SQL99 syntax, it seems that what we've done > > with our grammar is to take the old INHERITS functionality and plaster > > a vaguely-SQL-like syntax on it. I have to wonder whether this is a > > good idea. I think it'll get in the way when and if we want to offer > > true SQL99 UNDER behavior, which is only marginally related to INHERITS. > > (In particular, SQL99 seems to want an explicit specification of the > > structured type that's being inherited.) > > > > I am strongly inclined to rip out the pseudo-UNDER clause and support > > only the old-style INHERITS syntax for 7.1. UNDER is adding no > > functionality and I think we will eventually regret using an SQL keyword > > for non-SQL semantics. > > > > Comments? > > I'm all for it, as UNDER and INHERITS seem to offer different benefits. > > As UNDER is strictly single-inheritance, the best way to implement it > seems > to use a single file for all tables "under" the root table which will > give us > almost automatic primary keys and other constraints which are much > trickier to > implement or even to define for multimple inheritance (e.g. how do you > "inherit" > a primary key from two parents' primary keys) > > So just leave it out until we have a _real_ under implementation, or > else > someone will use it and lock us into backwards-compatibility trap. > > > -------------- > Hannu -- -------- Robert B. Easter reaster@comptechnews.com --------- - CompTechNews Message Board http://www.comptechnews.com/ - - CompTechServ Tech Services http://www.comptechserv.com/ - ---------- http://www.comptechnews.com/~reaster/ ------------
Tom Lane wrote: > > One thing that bothered me is that my reading of the SQL99 draft > disallows the UNDER syntax you are using. I read: > > <table definition> ::= > CREATE [ <table scope> ] TABLE <table name> > <table contents source> > [ ON COMMIT <table commit action> ROWS ] > > <table contents source> ::= > <table element list> > | OF <user-defined type> > [ <subtable clause> ] > [ <table element list> ] > > <subtable clause> ::= > UNDER <supertable clause> > > <supertable clause> ::= <supertable name> > > It looks to me like "UNDER <table name>" cannot appear without a > preceding "OF <user-defined type>". I am not clear on the semantic > implications of the OF clause. to me it seems that only this is OR-d : <table element list> | OF <user-defined type> and the rest ([ <subtable clause> ],[ <table element list> ])is just optional > Anyway, we seem to have a clear consensus to pull the UNDER clause from > the grammar and stick with INHERITS for 7.1. I will take care of that > in the next day or so. Good. ----------- Hannu
Hannu Krosing <hannu@tm.ee> writes:
> Tom Lane wrote:
> > <table contents source> ::=
> > <table element list>
> > | OF <user-defined type>
> > [ <subtable clause> ]
> > [ <table element list> ]
>
> to me it seems that only this is OR-d : <table element list> | OF
> <user-defined type>
> and the rest ([ <subtable clause> ],[ <table element list> ])is just
> optional
The grammar is less than perfectly clear, isn't it? But that reading
just doesn't make any sense, because it would allow <table contents
source> to be (among other things) <table element list> <table element list>
which I am sure is not what they intend. The last line has to be part
of the second alternative, it seems to me, and therefore the
next-to-last line is too.
regards, tom lane
Hannu Krosing writes:
> > <table contents source> ::=
> > <table element list>
> > | OF <user-defined type>
> > [ <subtable clause> ]
> > [ <table element list> ]
> to me it seems that only this is OR-d : <table element list> | OF
> <user-defined type>
>
> and the rest ([ <subtable clause> ],[ <table element list> ])is just
> optional
Nope. In that case it would read
<table contents source> ::=
{ <table element list>
| OF <user-defined type> }
[ <subtable clause> ]
[ <table element list> ]
because ISO/IEC 9075-1:1999 section 6.1 says:
| The alternative operator. The vertical bar indicates that the
portion of the formula following the bar is an alternative
to the portion preceding the bar. If the vertical bar appears
at a position where it is not enclosed in braces or square
brackets, it specifies a complete alternative for the element
defined by the production rule. If the vertical bar appears
in a portion of a formula enclosed in braces or square
brackets, it specifies alternatives for the contents of the
innermost pair of such braces or brackets.
--
Peter Eisentraut peter_e@gmx.net http://yi.org/peter-e/