That's great on small databases. Not so practical when they're big.
So - - - - what is the recommended procedure for 'large' databases?
(Might be useful to have a definition for what a large database is as well.)
"Large" is when it takes too long to run TWO text mode pg_dump commands in addition to the pg_dump and pg_restore.
Hmmmmmmmmm - - - - I'd say that's about as neat a non-answer as I've ever seen.
Eh? If you've got hundreds of hours of down time to pipe a text-mode pg_dump of a TB-sized database through md5sum. twice, then that database isn't too big. I don't have that much down time; thus, it's "too big".
Can you try again?
(You forgot the first question - - - maybe you could try that one too - - - what is the recommended procedure