I believe there are other people thinking about these topics as well, including Andres Freund, Kyotaro Horiguchi, and probably some folks at 2ndQuadrant (but I don't know exactly who).
1. asynchronous execution
Not looking at that.
2. vectorized execution...
We might also want to consider storing batches of tuples in a column-optimized rather than row-optimized format so that iterating through one or two attributes across every tuple in the batch touches the minimal number of cache lines.
Team is about 2 years into research and coding prototype on those topics at this point, with agreed time for further work over next 2 years.
I'll let my colleagues chime in with details since I'm not involved at that level any more.
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Simon Riggs http://www.2ndQuadrant.com/ PostgreSQL Development, 24x7 Support, Remote DBA, Training & Services