The whole reason for the colon in the --where option is to indicate which table the WHERE clause should refer to, so that one can dump less than all of the rows.
The --table option is totally different. It specifies which tables to dump at all.
Thank you for explaining,
I just have one comment . I found the error message generated on incorrect where clause specification strange for pg_dump. I think query result status check needed to handle it and generate more friendly error message.