\dE[S+] [PATTERN] list foreign tables \des[+] [PATTERN] list foreign servers \det[+] [PATTERN] list foreign tables
notice the duplicate.
If I do \dES+, it is titled "list of relations"... whatever that means.
Relations are a super-class of table-things. There are many subtypes of relations. \d Lists relations of all subtypes. You can also add a single letter to \d to limit the listing to only the subtype-specific relations. That is what the E is doing here.
It seems to be another list of foreign tables but with a different format.
Since \d can only show information limited to the super-class relation, and not specific subtypes, the information for the foreign table subtype needs to be made available somewhere. That place is \det
I also kind of feel like the name in the help text should always be the name you actually get. So for example, \ddS is described in help as "show object descriptions not displayed elsewhere" (BTW, why is this one "show" and the others are "list"), whereas the output is merely "object descriptions".
This kind of review of consistency doesn't really get treated like a bug report in most cases. It makes for a decent technical writing R&D project for someone interested in putting in the effort.