1. It is possible to have some sort of load-balancing through buying
many computers without replication, i.e have one server which has the
databases and then other servers which has no database but just exists
to balance the memory and processor load? (I have heard this is possible
with C-JDBC)It is difficult to have enough space to replicate a 600 gb
database across all computers)
I don't think so... There's something called OpenMosix which does this
on independent processes but not for threaded programs (since it doesn't
make sense to split them across different nodes if they're accessing the
same memory- every memory access would have to be checked) like the
PostgreSQL server.
Look at www.linuxlabs.com they have a clustering system. Not exactly the same thing but close to what I think you are looking for.