BUG #16579: In some areas of UTC+8, "CST" in the log is recognized as the wrong time zone when importing these - Mailing list pgsql-bugs

The following bug has been logged on the website:

Bug reference:      16579
Logged by:          Bert Xu
Email address:      xyh@nvn.xyz
PostgreSQL version: 12.0
Operating system:   N/A
Description:

In some areas of UTC+8, "CST"  in the log is recognized as the wrong time
zone when importing these logs.
All PostgreSQL version have this problem.

Database parameter:
log_destination = 'csvlog'
logging_collector = 'on'
log_filename = 'postgres.log'
log_directory = 'log'
log_timezone = 'PRC'
timezone = 'PRC'

CREATE TABLE pg_log

( log_time timestamp(3) with time zone,
  user_name text,   
  database_name text,
  process_id integer, 
  connection_from text,
  session_id text,        
  session_line_num bigint,
  command_tag text,                          
  session_start_time timestamp with time zone,
  virtual_transaction_id text,
  transaction_id bigint,
  error_severity text,
  sql_state_code text,                     
  message text,   
  detail text,      
  hint text,         
  internal_query text,      
  internal_query_pos integer,
  context text,      
  query text,      
  query_pos integer,
  location text,       
  application_name text,                    
  PRIMARY KEY (session_id, session_line_num)
);
===============================
phenomenon:
[postgres12@rhel711g log]$ cat postgres.csv 
2020-08-12 14:27:17.479 CST,,,9930,,5f338bc5.26ca,1,,2020-08-12 14:27:17
CST,,0,LOG,00000,"ending log output to stderr",,"Future log output will go
to log destination ""csvlog"".",,,,,,,""
2020-08-12 14:27:17.482 CST,,,9932,,5f338bc5.26cc,1,,2020-08-12 14:27:17
CST,,0,LOG,00000,"database system was shut down at 2020-08-12 14:27:17
CST",,,,,,,,,""
2020-08-12 14:27:17.484 CST,,,9930,,5f338bc5.26ca,2,,2020-08-12 14:27:17
CST,,0,LOG,00000,"database system is ready to accept
connections",,,,,,,,,""
2020-08-12 14:30:50.002 CST,,,9930,,5f338bc5.26ca,3,,2020-08-12 14:27:17
CST,,0,LOG,00000,"received fast shutdown request",,,,,,,,,""
2020-08-12 14:30:50.007 CST,,,9930,,5f338bc5.26ca,4,,2020-08-12 14:27:17
CST,,0,LOG,00000,"aborting any active transactions",,,,,,,,,""


COPY pg_log FROM '/pg12/data/log/postgres.csv' WITH csv; 
postgres=# select log_time,user_name,message from pg_log;
          log_time          | user_name |
   message                                        
----------------------------+-----------+----------------------------------------------
 2020-08-13 04:27:17.479+08 |           | ending log output to stderr
 2020-08-13 04:27:17.482+08 |           | database system was shut down at
2020-08-12 14:27:17 CST
 2020-08-13 04:27:17.484+08 |           | database system is ready to accept
connections
 2020-08-13 04:30:50.002+08 |           | received fast shutdown request
 2020-08-13 04:30:50.007+08 |           | aborting any active transactions
 the time is wrong.
 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
change log_timezone='Asia/Shanghai' ,restart db.
[postgres12@rhel711g log]$ cat postgres.csv 
2020-08-12 15:03:11.208 CST,,,10773,,5f33942f.2a15,1,,2020-08-12 15:03:11
CST,,0,LOG,00000,"ending log output to stderr",,"Future log output will go
to log destination ""csvlog"".",,,,,,,""
2020-08-12 15:03:11.212 CST,,,10775,,5f33942f.2a17,1,,2020-08-12 15:03:11
CST,,0,LOG,00000,"database system was shut down at 2020-08-12 15:03:11
CST",,,,,,,,,""
2020-08-12 15:03:11.216 CST,,,10773,,5f33942f.2a15,2,,2020-08-12 15:03:11
CST,,0,LOG,00000,"database system is ready to accept
connections",,,,,,,,,""
postgres=# truncate pg_log ;                              
TRUNCATE TABLE
postgres=# COPY pg_log FROM '/pg12/data/log/postgres.csv' WITH csv; 
COPY 3
postgres=# select log_time,user_name,message from pg_log;
          log_time          | user_name |                         message
                      
----------------------------+-----------+----------------------------------------------------------
 2020-08-13 05:03:11.208+08 |           | ending log output to stderr
 2020-08-13 05:03:11.212+08 |           | database system was shut down at
2020-08-12 15:03:11 CST
 2020-08-13 05:03:11.216+08 |           | database system is ready to accept
connections
(3 rows)
the time is wrong.
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
change log_timezone='Asia/Singapore' ,restart db.
[postgres12@rhel711g log]$ cat postgres.csv 
2020-08-12 15:01:40.988 +08,,,10743,,5f3393d4.29f7,1,,2020-08-12 15:01:40
+08,,0,LOG,00000,"ending log output to stderr",,"Future log output will go
to log destination ""csvlog"".",,,,,,,""
2020-08-12 15:01:40.991 +08,,,10745,,5f3393d4.29f9,1,,2020-08-12 15:01:40
+08,,0,LOG,00000,"database system was shut down at 2020-08-12 15:01:40
+08",,,,,,,,,""
2020-08-12 15:01:40.994 +08,,,10743,,5f3393d4.29f7,2,,2020-08-12 15:01:40
+08,,0,LOG,00000,"database system is ready to accept
connections",,,,,,,,,""
postgres=# truncate pg_log ;
TRUNCATE TABLE
postgres=# COPY pg_log FROM '/pg12/data/log/postgres.csv' WITH csv; 
COPY 3
postgres=# select log_time,user_name,message from pg_log;   
          log_time          | user_name |                         message
                      
----------------------------+-----------+----------------------------------------------------------
 2020-08-12 15:01:40.988+08 |           | ending log output to stderr
 2020-08-12 15:01:40.991+08 |           | database system was shut down at
2020-08-12 15:01:40 +08
 2020-08-12 15:01:40.994+08 |           | database system is ready to accept
connections
(3 rows)
the time is right.
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
change log_timezone='Asia/Hong_Kong' ,restart db.
[postgres12@rhel711g log]$ cat postgres.csv 
2020-08-12 15:04:21.442 HKT,,,10820,,5f339475.2a44,1,,2020-08-12 15:04:21
HKT,,0,LOG,00000,"ending log output to stderr",,"Future log output will go
to log destination ""csvlog"".",,,,,,,""
2020-08-12 15:04:21.445 HKT,,,10822,,5f339475.2a46,1,,2020-08-12 15:04:21
HKT,,0,LOG,00000,"database system was shut down at 2020-08-12 15:04:21
HKT",,,,,,,,,""
2020-08-12 15:04:21.447 HKT,,,10820,,5f339475.2a44,2,,2020-08-12 15:04:21
HKT,,0,LOG,00000,"database system is ready to accept
connections",,,,,,,,,""
postgres=# truncate pg_log ;
TRUNCATE TABLE
postgres=# COPY pg_log FROM '/pg12/data/log/postgres.csv' WITH csv; 
COPY 3
postgres=# select log_time,user_name,message from pg_log; 
          log_time          | user_name |                         message
                      
----------------------------+-----------+----------------------------------------------------------
 2020-08-12 15:04:21.442+08 |           | ending log output to stderr
 2020-08-12 15:04:21.445+08 |           | database system was shut down at
2020-08-12 15:04:21 HKT
 2020-08-12 15:04:21.447+08 |           | database system is ready to accept
connections
the time is right.