Thanks for addressing my comments in the latest patch. The documentation additions look correct, and the new Part E test cases in 053_synchronized_standby_slots_quorum.pl exercise the SS_SLOT_LAGGING path as requested.
I noticed that Shveta caught a behavioral regression between v20260318 and v20260323 regarding inactive slots that had already caught up being incorrectly blocked. The fix in v20260326 (splitting into SS_SLOT_INACTIVE_LAGGING and SS_SLOT_ACTIVE_LAGGING, and counting a slot as caught up when its restart_lsn >= wait_for_lsn regardless of activity) looks correct to me.