Have I misunderstood something, perhaps inadvertantly mis-configured some obscure parameter, or (please no!) is the documentation incorrect?
Testing the documented script against master-ish shows it works as described (I dislike the fact the example cannot just be copy-pasted in bulk/chunks but that is a different topic).
You are going to need to show the exact scripts that reproduce the observed behavior.
The only thing different from a stock installation is setting wal_level = logical but creating publications without making that change would simply fail.