SQL Commands
This part contains reference information for the SQL commands supported by PostgreSQL. By “SQL” the language in general is meant; information about the standards conformance and compatibility of each command can be found on the respective reference page.
Table of Contents
- ABORT — abort the current transaction
- ALTER AGGREGATE — change the definition of an aggregate function
- ALTER COLLATION — change the definition of a collation
- ALTER CONVERSION — change the definition of a conversion
- ALTER DATABASE — change a database
- ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES — define default access privileges
- ALTER DOMAIN — change the definition of a domain
- ALTER EVENT TRIGGER — change the definition of an event trigger
- ALTER EXTENSION — change the definition of an extension
- ALTER FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER — change the definition of a foreign-data wrapper
- ALTER FOREIGN TABLE — change the definition of a foreign table
- ALTER FUNCTION — change the definition of a function
- ALTER GROUP — change role name or membership
- ALTER INDEX — change the definition of an index
- ALTER LANGUAGE — change the definition of a procedural language
- ALTER LARGE OBJECT — change the definition of a large object
- ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW — change the definition of a materialized view
- ALTER OPERATOR — change the definition of an operator
- ALTER OPERATOR CLASS — change the definition of an operator class
- ALTER OPERATOR FAMILY — change the definition of an operator family
- ALTER POLICY — change the definition of a row level security policy
- ALTER PROCEDURE — change the definition of a procedure
- ALTER PUBLICATION — change the definition of a publication
- ALTER ROLE — change a database role
- ALTER ROUTINE — change the definition of a routine
- ALTER RULE — change the definition of a rule
- ALTER SCHEMA — change the definition of a schema
- ALTER SEQUENCE — change the definition of a sequence generator
- ALTER SERVER — change the definition of a foreign server
- ALTER STATISTICS — change the definition of an extended statistics object
- ALTER SUBSCRIPTION — change the definition of a subscription
- ALTER SYSTEM — change a server configuration parameter
- ALTER TABLE — change the definition of a table
- ALTER TABLESPACE — change the definition of a tablespace
- ALTER TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION — change the definition of a text search configuration
- ALTER TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY — change the definition of a text search dictionary
- ALTER TEXT SEARCH PARSER — change the definition of a text search parser
- ALTER TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE — change the definition of a text search template
- ALTER TRIGGER — change the definition of a trigger
- ALTER TYPE — change the definition of a type
- ALTER USER — change a database role
- ALTER USER MAPPING — change the definition of a user mapping
- ALTER VIEW — change the definition of a view
- ANALYZE — collect statistics about a database
- BEGIN — start a transaction block
- CALL — invoke a procedure
- CHECKPOINT — force a write-ahead log checkpoint
- CLOSE — close a cursor
- CLUSTER — cluster a table according to an index
- COMMENT — define or change the comment of an object
- COMMIT — commit the current transaction
- COMMIT PREPARED — commit a transaction that was earlier prepared for two-phase commit
- COPY — copy data between a file and a table
- CREATE ACCESS METHOD — define a new access method
- CREATE AGGREGATE — define a new aggregate function
- CREATE CAST — define a new cast
- CREATE COLLATION — define a new collation
- CREATE CONVERSION — define a new encoding conversion
- CREATE DATABASE — create a new database
- CREATE DOMAIN — define a new domain
- CREATE EVENT TRIGGER — define a new event trigger
- CREATE EXTENSION — install an extension
- CREATE FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER — define a new foreign-data wrapper
- CREATE FOREIGN TABLE — define a new foreign table
- CREATE FUNCTION — define a new function
- CREATE GROUP — define a new database role
- CREATE INDEX — define a new index
- CREATE LANGUAGE — define a new procedural language
- CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW — define a new materialized view
- CREATE OPERATOR — define a new operator
- CREATE OPERATOR CLASS — define a new operator class
- CREATE OPERATOR FAMILY — define a new operator family
- CREATE POLICY — define a new row level security policy for a table
- CREATE PROCEDURE — define a new procedure
- CREATE PUBLICATION — define a new publication
- CREATE ROLE — define a new database role
- CREATE RULE — define a new rewrite rule
- CREATE SCHEMA — define a new schema
- CREATE SEQUENCE — define a new sequence generator
- CREATE SERVER — define a new foreign server
- CREATE STATISTICS — define extended statistics
- CREATE SUBSCRIPTION — define a new subscription
- CREATE TABLE — define a new table
- CREATE TABLE AS — define a new table from the results of a query
- CREATE TABLESPACE — define a new tablespace
- CREATE TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION — define a new text search configuration
- CREATE TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY — define a new text search dictionary
- CREATE TEXT SEARCH PARSER — define a new text search parser
- CREATE TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE — define a new text search template
- CREATE TRANSFORM — define a new transform
- CREATE TRIGGER — define a new trigger
- CREATE TYPE — define a new data type
- CREATE USER — define a new database role
- CREATE USER MAPPING — define a new mapping of a user to a foreign server
- CREATE VIEW — define a new view
- DEALLOCATE — deallocate a prepared statement
- DECLARE — define a cursor
- DELETE — delete rows of a table
- DISCARD — discard session state
- DO — execute an anonymous code block
- DROP ACCESS METHOD — remove an access method
- DROP AGGREGATE — remove an aggregate function
- DROP CAST — remove a cast
- DROP COLLATION — remove a collation
- DROP CONVERSION — remove a conversion
- DROP DATABASE — remove a database
- DROP DOMAIN — remove a domain
- DROP EVENT TRIGGER — remove an event trigger
- DROP EXTENSION — remove an extension
- DROP FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER — remove a foreign-data wrapper
- DROP FOREIGN TABLE — remove a foreign table
- DROP FUNCTION — remove a function
- DROP GROUP — remove a database role
- DROP INDEX — remove an index
- DROP LANGUAGE — remove a procedural language
- DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW — remove a materialized view
- DROP OPERATOR — remove an operator
- DROP OPERATOR CLASS — remove an operator class
- DROP OPERATOR FAMILY — remove an operator family
- DROP OWNED — remove database objects owned by a database role
- DROP POLICY — remove a row level security policy from a table
- DROP PROCEDURE — remove a procedure
- DROP PUBLICATION — remove a publication
- DROP ROLE — remove a database role
- DROP ROUTINE — remove a routine
- DROP RULE — remove a rewrite rule
- DROP SCHEMA — remove a schema
- DROP SEQUENCE — remove a sequence
- DROP SERVER — remove a foreign server descriptor
- DROP STATISTICS — remove extended statistics
- DROP SUBSCRIPTION — remove a subscription
- DROP TABLE — remove a table
- DROP TABLESPACE — remove a tablespace
- DROP TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION — remove a text search configuration
- DROP TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY — remove a text search dictionary
- DROP TEXT SEARCH PARSER — remove a text search parser
- DROP TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE — remove a text search template
- DROP TRANSFORM — remove a transform
- DROP TRIGGER — remove a trigger
- DROP TYPE — remove a data type
- DROP USER — remove a database role
- DROP USER MAPPING — remove a user mapping for a foreign server
- DROP VIEW — remove a view
- END — commit the current transaction
- EXECUTE — execute a prepared statement
- EXPLAIN — show the execution plan of a statement
- FETCH — retrieve rows from a query using a cursor
- GRANT — define access privileges
- IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA — import table definitions from a foreign server
- INSERT — create new rows in a table
- LISTEN — listen for a notification
- LOAD — load a shared library file
- LOCK — lock a table
- MOVE — position a cursor
- NOTIFY — generate a notification
- PREPARE — prepare a statement for execution
- PREPARE TRANSACTION — prepare the current transaction for two-phase commit
- REASSIGN OWNED — change the ownership of database objects owned by a database role
- REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW — replace the contents of a materialized view
- REINDEX — rebuild indexes
- RELEASE SAVEPOINT — destroy a previously defined savepoint
- RESET — restore the value of a run-time parameter to the default value
- REVOKE — remove access privileges
- ROLLBACK — abort the current transaction
- ROLLBACK PREPARED — cancel a transaction that was earlier prepared for two-phase commit
- ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT — roll back to a savepoint
- SAVEPOINT — define a new savepoint within the current transaction
- SECURITY LABEL — define or change a security label applied to an object
- SELECT — retrieve rows from a table or view
- SELECT INTO — define a new table from the results of a query
- SET — change a run-time parameter
- SET CONSTRAINTS — set constraint check timing for the current transaction
- SET ROLE — set the current user identifier of the current session
- SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION — set the session user identifier and the current user identifier of the current session
- SET TRANSACTION — set the characteristics of the current transaction
- SHOW — show the value of a run-time parameter
- START TRANSACTION — start a transaction block
- TRUNCATE — empty a table or set of tables
- UNLISTEN — stop listening for a notification
- UPDATE — update rows of a table
- VACUUM — garbage-collect and optionally analyze a database
- VALUES — compute a set of rows
- ALTER AGGREGATE — change the definition of an aggregate function