From 13e560cb81e501b96a89c6a2beaa5d3427d79111 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Viktor Holmberg <v@viktorh.ent>
Date: Tue, 25 Nov 2025 14:53:51 +0800
Subject: [PATCH v18 1/3] ON CONFLICT DO SELECT

v17 squashed togehter

based on https://postgr.es/m/9284d41a-57a6-4a37-ac9f-873cb5c509d4@Spark
---
 contrib/pgrowlocks/Makefile                   |   2 +-
 .../expected/on-conflict-do-select.out        |  80 +++++
 contrib/pgrowlocks/meson.build                |   1 +
 .../specs/on-conflict-do-select.spec          |  39 +++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.c           |   2 +-
 doc/src/sgml/dml.sgml                         |   3 +-
 doc/src/sgml/fdwhandler.sgml                  |   2 +-
 doc/src/sgml/mvcc.sgml                        |  10 +
 doc/src/sgml/postgres-fdw.sgml                |   2 +-
 doc/src/sgml/ref/create_policy.sgml           |  16 +
 doc/src/sgml/ref/insert.sgml                  | 117 +++++--
 doc/src/sgml/ref/merge.sgml                   |   3 +-
 src/backend/commands/explain.c                |  36 +-
 src/backend/executor/execPartition.c          | 134 ++++---
 src/backend/executor/nodeModifyTable.c        | 330 ++++++++++++++----
 src/backend/optimizer/plan/createplan.c       |   6 +-
 src/backend/optimizer/plan/setrefs.c          |   3 +-
 src/backend/optimizer/util/plancat.c          |  14 +-
 src/backend/parser/analyze.c                  |  68 ++--
 src/backend/parser/gram.y                     |  20 +-
 src/backend/parser/parse_clause.c             |  14 +-
 src/backend/rewrite/rewriteHandler.c          |  27 +-
 src/backend/rewrite/rowsecurity.c             | 101 +++---
 src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c             |  69 ++--
 src/include/nodes/execnodes.h                 |  13 +-
 src/include/nodes/lockoptions.h               |   3 +-
 src/include/nodes/nodes.h                     |   1 +
 src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h                |   7 +-
 src/include/nodes/plannodes.h                 |   4 +-
 src/include/nodes/primnodes.h                 |  16 +-
 .../expected/insert-conflict-do-select.out    | 138 ++++++++
 src/test/isolation/isolation_schedule         |   1 +
 .../specs/insert-conflict-do-select.spec      |  53 +++
 src/test/regress/expected/constraints.out     |   8 +-
 src/test/regress/expected/insert_conflict.out | 315 ++++++++++++++++-
 src/test/regress/expected/rowsecurity.out     |  92 ++++-
 src/test/regress/expected/rules.out           |  55 +++
 src/test/regress/expected/triggers.out        |  13 +
 src/test/regress/expected/updatable_views.out |  31 ++
 src/test/regress/sql/constraints.sql          |   7 +-
 src/test/regress/sql/insert_conflict.sql      | 115 +++++-
 src/test/regress/sql/rowsecurity.sql          |  57 ++-
 src/test/regress/sql/rules.sql                |  26 ++
 src/test/regress/sql/triggers.sql             |   2 +
 src/test/regress/sql/updatable_views.sql      |   8 +
 src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list              |   2 +-
 46 files changed, 1774 insertions(+), 292 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 contrib/pgrowlocks/expected/on-conflict-do-select.out
 create mode 100644 contrib/pgrowlocks/specs/on-conflict-do-select.spec
 create mode 100644 src/test/isolation/expected/insert-conflict-do-select.out
 create mode 100644 src/test/isolation/specs/insert-conflict-do-select.spec

diff --git a/contrib/pgrowlocks/Makefile b/contrib/pgrowlocks/Makefile
index e8080646643..a1e25b101a9 100644
--- a/contrib/pgrowlocks/Makefile
+++ b/contrib/pgrowlocks/Makefile
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ EXTENSION = pgrowlocks
 DATA = pgrowlocks--1.2.sql pgrowlocks--1.1--1.2.sql pgrowlocks--1.0--1.1.sql
 PGFILEDESC = "pgrowlocks - display row locking information"
 
-ISOLATION = pgrowlocks
+ISOLATION = pgrowlocks on-conflict-do-select
 ISOLATION_OPTS = --load-extension=pgrowlocks
 
 ifdef USE_PGXS
diff --git a/contrib/pgrowlocks/expected/on-conflict-do-select.out b/contrib/pgrowlocks/expected/on-conflict-do-select.out
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0bafa556844
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/pgrowlocks/expected/on-conflict-do-select.out
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+Parsed test spec with 2 sessions
+
+starting permutation: s1_begin s1_doselect_nolock s2_rowlocks s1_rollback
+step s1_begin: BEGIN;
+step s1_doselect_nolock: INSERT INTO conflict_test VALUES (1, 'new') ON CONFLICT (key) DO SELECT RETURNING *;
+key|val     
+---+--------
+  1|original
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_rowlocks: SELECT locked_row, multi, modes FROM pgrowlocks('conflict_test');
+locked_row|multi|modes
+----------+-----+-----
+(0 rows)
+
+step s1_rollback: ROLLBACK;
+
+starting permutation: s1_begin s1_doselect_keyshare s2_rowlocks s1_rollback
+step s1_begin: BEGIN;
+step s1_doselect_keyshare: INSERT INTO conflict_test VALUES (1, 'new') ON CONFLICT (key) DO SELECT FOR KEY SHARE RETURNING *;
+key|val     
+---+--------
+  1|original
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_rowlocks: SELECT locked_row, multi, modes FROM pgrowlocks('conflict_test');
+locked_row|multi|modes            
+----------+-----+-----------------
+(0,1)     |f    |{"For Key Share"}
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_rollback: ROLLBACK;
+
+starting permutation: s1_begin s1_doselect_share s2_rowlocks s1_rollback
+step s1_begin: BEGIN;
+step s1_doselect_share: INSERT INTO conflict_test VALUES (1, 'new') ON CONFLICT (key) DO SELECT FOR SHARE RETURNING *;
+key|val     
+---+--------
+  1|original
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_rowlocks: SELECT locked_row, multi, modes FROM pgrowlocks('conflict_test');
+locked_row|multi|modes        
+----------+-----+-------------
+(0,1)     |f    |{"For Share"}
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_rollback: ROLLBACK;
+
+starting permutation: s1_begin s1_doselect_nokeyupd s2_rowlocks s1_rollback
+step s1_begin: BEGIN;
+step s1_doselect_nokeyupd: INSERT INTO conflict_test VALUES (1, 'new') ON CONFLICT (key) DO SELECT FOR NO KEY UPDATE RETURNING *;
+key|val     
+---+--------
+  1|original
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_rowlocks: SELECT locked_row, multi, modes FROM pgrowlocks('conflict_test');
+locked_row|multi|modes                
+----------+-----+---------------------
+(0,1)     |f    |{"For No Key Update"}
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_rollback: ROLLBACK;
+
+starting permutation: s1_begin s1_doselect_update s2_rowlocks s1_rollback
+step s1_begin: BEGIN;
+step s1_doselect_update: INSERT INTO conflict_test VALUES (1, 'new') ON CONFLICT (key) DO SELECT FOR UPDATE RETURNING *;
+key|val     
+---+--------
+  1|original
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_rowlocks: SELECT locked_row, multi, modes FROM pgrowlocks('conflict_test');
+locked_row|multi|modes         
+----------+-----+--------------
+(0,1)     |f    |{"For Update"}
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_rollback: ROLLBACK;
diff --git a/contrib/pgrowlocks/meson.build b/contrib/pgrowlocks/meson.build
index 6007a76ae75..7ebeae55395 100644
--- a/contrib/pgrowlocks/meson.build
+++ b/contrib/pgrowlocks/meson.build
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ tests += {
   'isolation': {
     'specs': [
       'pgrowlocks',
+      'on-conflict-do-select',
     ],
     'regress_args': ['--load-extension=pgrowlocks'],
   },
diff --git a/contrib/pgrowlocks/specs/on-conflict-do-select.spec b/contrib/pgrowlocks/specs/on-conflict-do-select.spec
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bbd571f4c21
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/pgrowlocks/specs/on-conflict-do-select.spec
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+# Tests for ON CONFLICT DO SELECT with row-level locking
+
+setup
+{
+  CREATE TABLE conflict_test (key int PRIMARY KEY, val text);
+  INSERT INTO conflict_test VALUES (1, 'original');
+}
+
+teardown
+{
+  DROP TABLE conflict_test;
+}
+
+session s1
+step s1_begin { BEGIN; }
+step s1_doselect_nolock { INSERT INTO conflict_test VALUES (1, 'new') ON CONFLICT (key) DO SELECT RETURNING *; }
+step s1_doselect_keyshare { INSERT INTO conflict_test VALUES (1, 'new') ON CONFLICT (key) DO SELECT FOR KEY SHARE RETURNING *; }
+step s1_doselect_share { INSERT INTO conflict_test VALUES (1, 'new') ON CONFLICT (key) DO SELECT FOR SHARE RETURNING *; }
+step s1_doselect_nokeyupd { INSERT INTO conflict_test VALUES (1, 'new') ON CONFLICT (key) DO SELECT FOR NO KEY UPDATE RETURNING *; }
+step s1_doselect_update { INSERT INTO conflict_test VALUES (1, 'new') ON CONFLICT (key) DO SELECT FOR UPDATE RETURNING *; }
+step s1_rollback { ROLLBACK; }
+
+session s2
+step s2_rowlocks { SELECT locked_row, multi, modes FROM pgrowlocks('conflict_test'); }
+
+# Test 1: No locking - should not show in pgrowlocks
+permutation s1_begin s1_doselect_nolock s2_rowlocks s1_rollback
+
+# Test 2: FOR KEY SHARE - should show lock
+permutation s1_begin s1_doselect_keyshare s2_rowlocks s1_rollback
+
+# Test 3: FOR SHARE - should show lock
+permutation s1_begin s1_doselect_share s2_rowlocks s1_rollback
+
+# Test 4: FOR NO KEY UPDATE - should show lock
+permutation s1_begin s1_doselect_nokeyupd s2_rowlocks s1_rollback
+
+# Test 5: FOR UPDATE - should show lock
+permutation s1_begin s1_doselect_update s2_rowlocks s1_rollback
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.c b/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.c
index 06b52c65300..b793669d97f 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.c
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.c
@@ -1856,7 +1856,7 @@ postgresPlanForeignModify(PlannerInfo *root,
 		returningList = (List *) list_nth(plan->returningLists, subplan_index);
 
 	/*
-	 * ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE and DO NOTHING case with inference specification
+	 * ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING/UPDATE/SELECT with inference specification
 	 * should have already been rejected in the optimizer, as presently there
 	 * is no way to recognize an arbiter index on a foreign table.  Only DO
 	 * NOTHING is supported without an inference specification.
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/dml.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/dml.sgml
index 61c64cf6c49..7e5cce0bff0 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/dml.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/dml.sgml
@@ -387,7 +387,8 @@ UPDATE products SET price = price * 1.10
    <command>INSERT</command> with an
    <link linkend="sql-on-conflict"><literal>ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE</literal></link>
    clause, the old values will be non-<literal>NULL</literal> for conflicting
-   rows.  Similarly, if a <command>DELETE</command> is turned into an
+   rows.  Similarly, in an <command>INSERT</command> with an
+   <literal>ON CONFLICT DO SELECT</literal> clause, you can look at the old values to determine if your query inserted a row or not. If a <command>DELETE</command> is turned into an
    <command>UPDATE</command> by a <link linkend="sql-createrule">rewrite rule</link>,
    the new values may be non-<literal>NULL</literal>.
   </para>
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/fdwhandler.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/fdwhandler.sgml
index c6d66414b8e..f6d4e51efd8 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/fdwhandler.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/fdwhandler.sgml
@@ -2045,7 +2045,7 @@ GetForeignServerByName(const char *name, bool missing_ok);
      <command>INSERT</command> with an <literal>ON CONFLICT</literal> clause does not
      support specifying the conflict target, as unique constraints or
      exclusion constraints on remote tables are not locally known. This
-     in turn implies that <literal>ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE</literal> is not supported,
+     in turn implies that <literal>ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE / SELECT</literal> is not supported,
      since the specification is mandatory there.
     </para>
 
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/mvcc.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/mvcc.sgml
index 049ee75a4ba..f2d5c8ed032 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/mvcc.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/mvcc.sgml
@@ -366,6 +366,16 @@
     conventionally visible to the command.
    </para>
 
+   <para>
+    <command>INSERT</command> with an <literal>ON CONFLICT DO
+    SELECT</literal> clause behaves similarly to <literal>ON CONFLICT DO
+    UPDATE</literal>. In Read Committed mode, if a conflict originates
+    in another transaction whose effects are not yet visible to the
+    <command>INSERT</command>, the <literal>SELECT</literal> clause will
+    return that row, even though possibly <emphasis>no</emphasis> version
+    of that row is conventionally visible to the command.
+   </para>
+
    <para>
     <command>INSERT</command> with an <literal>ON CONFLICT DO
     NOTHING</literal> clause may have insertion not proceed for a row due to
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/postgres-fdw.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/postgres-fdw.sgml
index 9b032fbf675..3f00d2fa457 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/postgres-fdw.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/postgres-fdw.sgml
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@
  <para>
   Note that <filename>postgres_fdw</filename> currently lacks support for
   <command>INSERT</command> statements with an <literal>ON CONFLICT DO
-  UPDATE</literal> clause.  However, the <literal>ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING</literal>
+  UPDATE / SELECT</literal> clause.  However, the <literal>ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING</literal>
   clause is supported, provided a unique index inference specification
   is omitted.
   Note also that <filename>postgres_fdw</filename> supports row movement
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_policy.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_policy.sgml
index 42d43ad7bf4..c1510e212c0 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_policy.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_policy.sgml
@@ -571,6 +571,22 @@ CREATE POLICY <replaceable class="parameter">name</replaceable> ON <replaceable
         Check new row&nbsp;<footnoteref linkend="rls-on-conflict-update-priv"/>
        </entry>
        <entry>&mdash;</entry>
+      </row>
+       <row>
+       <entry><command>ON CONFLICT DO SELECT</command></entry>
+       <entry>Check existing row</entry>
+       <entry>&mdash;</entry>
+       <entry>&mdash;</entry>
+       <entry>&mdash;</entry>
+       <entry>&mdash;</entry>
+      </row>
+      <row>
+       <entry><command>ON CONFLICT DO SELECT FOR UPDATE/SHARE</command></entry>
+       <entry>Check existing row</entry>
+       <entry>&mdash;</entry>
+       <entry>Check existing row</entry>
+       <entry>&mdash;</entry>
+       <entry>&mdash;</entry>
       </row>
       <row>
        <entry><command>MERGE</command></entry>
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/insert.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/insert.sgml
index 0598b8dea34..4c20560c08b 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/insert.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/insert.sgml
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ INSERT INTO <replaceable class="parameter">table_name</replaceable> [ AS <replac
 <phrase>and <replaceable class="parameter">conflict_action</replaceable> is one of:</phrase>
 
     DO NOTHING
+    DO SELECT [ FOR { UPDATE | NO KEY UPDATE | SHARE | KEY SHARE } ] [ WHERE <replaceable class="parameter">condition</replaceable> ]
     DO UPDATE SET { <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> = { <replaceable class="parameter">expression</replaceable> | DEFAULT } |
                     ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ...] ) = [ ROW ] ( { <replaceable class="parameter">expression</replaceable> | DEFAULT } [, ...] ) |
                     ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ...] ) = ( <replaceable class="parameter">sub-SELECT</replaceable> )
@@ -88,25 +89,36 @@ INSERT INTO <replaceable class="parameter">table_name</replaceable> [ AS <replac
 
   <para>
    The optional <literal>RETURNING</literal> clause causes <command>INSERT</command>
-   to compute and return value(s) based on each row actually inserted
-   (or updated, if an <literal>ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE</literal> clause was
-   used).  This is primarily useful for obtaining values that were
+   to compute and return value(s) based on each row actually inserted.
+   If an <literal>ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE</literal> clause was used,
+   <literal>RETURNING</literal> also returns tuples which were updated, and
+   in the presence of an <literal>ON CONFLICT DO SELECT</literal> clause all
+   input rows are returned.  With a traditional <command>INSERT</command>,
+   the <literal>RETURNING</literal> clause is primarily useful for obtaining
+   values that were
    supplied by defaults, such as a serial sequence number.  However,
    any expression using the table's columns is allowed.  The syntax of
    the <literal>RETURNING</literal> list is identical to that of the output
-   list of <command>SELECT</command>.  Only rows that were successfully
+   list of <command>SELECT</command>.  If an <literal>ON CONFLICT DO SELECT</literal>
+   clause is not present, only rows that were successfully
    inserted or updated will be returned.  For example, if a row was
    locked but not updated because an <literal>ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE
    ... WHERE</literal> clause <replaceable
    class="parameter">condition</replaceable> was not satisfied, the
-   row will not be returned.
+   row will not be returned.  <literal>ON CONFLICT DO SELECT</literal>
+   works similarly, except no update takes place.
   </para>
 
   <para>
    You must have <literal>INSERT</literal> privilege on a table in
    order to insert into it.  If <literal>ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE</literal> is
    present, <literal>UPDATE</literal> privilege on the table is also
-   required.
+   required. If <literal>ON CONFLICT DO SELECT</literal> is present,
+   <literal>SELECT</literal> privilege on the table is required.
+   If <literal>ON CONFLICT DO SELECT</literal> is used with
+   <literal>FOR UPDATE</literal> or <literal>FOR SHARE</literal>,
+   <literal>UPDATE</literal> privilege is also required on at least one
+   column, in addition to <literal>SELECT</literal> privilege.
   </para>
 
   <para>
@@ -114,10 +126,13 @@ INSERT INTO <replaceable class="parameter">table_name</replaceable> [ AS <replac
    <literal>INSERT</literal> privilege on the listed columns.
    Similarly, when <literal>ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE</literal> is specified, you
    only need <literal>UPDATE</literal> privilege on the column(s) that are
-   listed to be updated.  However, <literal>ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE</literal>
+   listed to be updated. However, <literal>ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE</literal>
    also requires <literal>SELECT</literal> privilege on any column whose
    values are read in the <literal>ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE</literal>
-   expressions or <replaceable>condition</replaceable>.
+   expressions or <replaceable>condition</replaceable>. If using a
+   <literal>WHERE</literal> with <literal>ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE / SELECT </literal>,
+   you must have <literal>SELECT</literal> privilege on the columns referenced
+   in the <literal>WHERE</literal> clause.
   </para>
 
   <para>
@@ -341,7 +356,10 @@ INSERT INTO <replaceable class="parameter">table_name</replaceable> [ AS <replac
         For a simple <command>INSERT</command>, all old values will be
         <literal>NULL</literal>.  However, for an <command>INSERT</command>
         with an <literal>ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE</literal> clause, the old
-        values may be non-<literal>NULL</literal>.
+        values may be non-<literal>NULL</literal>. Similarly, for
+        <literal>ON CONFLICT DO SELECT</literal>, both old and new values
+        represent the existing row (since no modification takes place),
+        so old and new will be identical for conflicting rows.
        </para>
       </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
@@ -377,6 +395,9 @@ INSERT INTO <replaceable class="parameter">table_name</replaceable> [ AS <replac
     a row as its alternative action.  <literal>ON CONFLICT DO
     UPDATE</literal> updates the existing row that conflicts with the
     row proposed for insertion as its alternative action.
+    <literal>ON CONFLICT DO SELECT</literal> returns the existing row
+    that conflicts with the row proposed for insertion, optionally
+    with row-level locking.
    </para>
 
    <para>
@@ -408,6 +429,13 @@ INSERT INTO <replaceable class="parameter">table_name</replaceable> [ AS <replac
     INSERT</quote>.
    </para>
 
+   <para>
+    <literal>ON CONFLICT DO SELECT</literal> similarly allows an atomic
+    <command>INSERT</command> or <command>SELECT</command> outcome. This
+    is also known as a <firstterm>idempotent insert</firstterm> or
+    <firstterm>get or create</firstterm>.
+   </para>
+
     <variablelist>
      <varlistentry>
       <term><replaceable class="parameter">conflict_target</replaceable></term>
@@ -421,7 +449,8 @@ INSERT INTO <replaceable class="parameter">table_name</replaceable> [ AS <replac
         specify a <parameter>conflict_target</parameter>; when
         omitted, conflicts with all usable constraints (and unique
         indexes) are handled.  For <literal>ON CONFLICT DO
-        UPDATE</literal>, a <parameter>conflict_target</parameter>
+        UPDATE</literal> and <literal>ON CONFLICT DO SELECT</literal>,
+        a <parameter>conflict_target</parameter>
         <emphasis>must</emphasis> be provided.
        </para>
       </listitem>
@@ -433,10 +462,11 @@ INSERT INTO <replaceable class="parameter">table_name</replaceable> [ AS <replac
        <para>
         <parameter>conflict_action</parameter> specifies an
         alternative <literal>ON CONFLICT</literal> action.  It can be
-        either <literal>DO NOTHING</literal>, or a <literal>DO
+        either <literal>DO NOTHING</literal>, a <literal>DO
         UPDATE</literal> clause specifying the exact details of the
         <literal>UPDATE</literal> action to be performed in case of a
-        conflict.  The <literal>SET</literal> and
+        conflict, or a <literal>DO SELECT</literal> clause that returns
+        the existing conflicting row.  The <literal>SET</literal> and
         <literal>WHERE</literal> clauses in <literal>ON CONFLICT DO
         UPDATE</literal> have access to the existing row using the
         table's name (or an alias), and to the row proposed for insertion
@@ -445,6 +475,18 @@ INSERT INTO <replaceable class="parameter">table_name</replaceable> [ AS <replac
         target table where corresponding <varname>excluded</varname>
         columns are read.
        </para>
+       <para>
+        For <literal>ON CONFLICT DO SELECT</literal>, the optional
+        <literal>WHERE</literal> clause has access to the existing row
+        using the table's name (or an alias), and to the row proposed for
+        insertion using the special <varname>excluded</varname> table.
+        Only rows for which the <literal>WHERE</literal> clause returns
+        <literal>true</literal> will be returned.  An optional
+        <literal>FOR UPDATE</literal>, <literal>FOR NO KEY UPDATE</literal>,
+        <literal>FOR SHARE</literal>, or <literal>FOR KEY SHARE</literal>
+        clause can be specified to lock the existing row using the
+        specified lock strength.
+       </para>
        <para>
         Note that the effects of all per-row <literal>BEFORE
         INSERT</literal> triggers are reflected in
@@ -547,19 +589,21 @@ INSERT INTO <replaceable class="parameter">table_name</replaceable> [ AS <replac
       <listitem>
        <para>
         An expression that returns a value of type
-        <type>boolean</type>.  Only rows for which this expression
-        returns <literal>true</literal> will be updated, although all
-        rows will be locked when the <literal>ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE</literal>
-        action is taken.  Note that
-        <replaceable>condition</replaceable> is evaluated last, after
-        a conflict has been identified as a candidate to update.
+        <type>boolean</type>.  For <literal>ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE</literal>,
+        only rows for which this expression returns <literal>true</literal>
+        will be updated, although all rows will be locked when the
+        <literal>ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE</literal> action is taken.
+        For <literal>ON CONFLICT DO SELECT</literal>, only rows for which
+        this expression returns <literal>true</literal> will be returned.
+        Note that <replaceable>condition</replaceable> is evaluated last, after
+        a conflict has been identified as a candidate to update or select.
        </para>
       </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
     </variablelist>
    <para>
     Note that exclusion constraints are not supported as arbiters with
-    <literal>ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE</literal>. In all cases, only
+    <literal>ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE / SELECT</literal>. In all cases, only
     <literal>NOT DEFERRABLE</literal> constraints and unique indexes
     are supported as arbiters.
    </para>
@@ -616,7 +660,7 @@ INSERT INTO <replaceable class="parameter">table_name</replaceable> [ AS <replac
 INSERT <replaceable>oid</replaceable> <replaceable class="parameter">count</replaceable>
 </screen>
    The <replaceable class="parameter">count</replaceable> is the number of
-   rows inserted or updated.  <replaceable>oid</replaceable> is always 0 (it
+   rows inserted, updated, or selected for return.  <replaceable>oid</replaceable> is always 0 (it
    used to be the <acronym>OID</acronym> assigned to the inserted row if
    <replaceable>count</replaceable> was exactly one and the target table was
    declared <literal>WITH OIDS</literal> and 0 otherwise, but creating a table
@@ -627,8 +671,7 @@ INSERT <replaceable>oid</replaceable> <replaceable class="parameter">count</repl
    If the <command>INSERT</command> command contains a <literal>RETURNING</literal>
    clause, the result will be similar to that of a <command>SELECT</command>
    statement containing the columns and values defined in the
-   <literal>RETURNING</literal> list, computed over the row(s) inserted or
-   updated by the command.
+   <literal>RETURNING</literal> list, computed over the row(s) affected by the command.
   </para>
  </refsect1>
 
@@ -802,6 +845,36 @@ INSERT INTO distributors AS d (did, dname) VALUES (8, 'Anvil Distribution')
 -- index to arbitrate taking the DO NOTHING action)
 INSERT INTO distributors (did, dname) VALUES (9, 'Antwerp Design')
     ON CONFLICT ON CONSTRAINT distributors_pkey DO NOTHING;
+</programlisting>
+  </para>
+  <para>
+   Insert new distributor if possible, otherwise return the existing
+   distributor row.  Example assumes a unique index has been defined
+   that constrains values appearing in the <literal>did</literal> column.
+   This is useful for get-or-create patterns:
+<programlisting>
+INSERT INTO distributors (did, dname) VALUES (11, 'Global Electronics')
+    ON CONFLICT (did) DO SELECT
+    RETURNING *;
+</programlisting>
+  </para>
+  <para>
+   Insert a new distributor if the name doesn't match, otherwise return
+   the existing row.  This example uses the <varname>excluded</varname>
+   table in the WHERE clause to filter results:
+<programlisting>
+INSERT INTO distributors (did, dname) VALUES (12, 'Micro Devices Inc')
+    ON CONFLICT (did) DO SELECT WHERE dname = EXCLUDED.dname
+    RETURNING *;
+</programlisting>
+  </para>
+  <para>
+   Insert a new distributor or return and lock the existing row for update.
+   This is useful when you need to ensure exclusive access to the row:
+<programlisting>
+INSERT INTO distributors (did, dname) VALUES (13, 'Advanced Systems')
+    ON CONFLICT (did) DO SELECT FOR UPDATE
+    RETURNING *;
 </programlisting>
   </para>
   <para>
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/merge.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/merge.sgml
index c2e181066a4..765fe7a7d62 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/merge.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/merge.sgml
@@ -714,7 +714,8 @@ MERGE <replaceable class="parameter">total_count</replaceable>
    on the behavior at each isolation level.
    You may also wish to consider using <command>INSERT ... ON CONFLICT</command>
    as an alternative statement which offers the ability to run an
-   <command>UPDATE</command> if a concurrent <command>INSERT</command>
+   <command>UPDATE</command> or return the existing row (with
+   <literal>DO SELECT</literal>) if a concurrent <command>INSERT</command>
    occurs.  There are a variety of differences and restrictions between
    the two statement types and they are not interchangeable.
   </para>
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/explain.c b/src/backend/commands/explain.c
index 7e699f8595e..10e636d465e 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/explain.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/explain.c
@@ -4670,10 +4670,36 @@ show_modifytable_info(ModifyTableState *mtstate, List *ancestors,
 
 	if (node->onConflictAction != ONCONFLICT_NONE)
 	{
-		ExplainPropertyText("Conflict Resolution",
-							node->onConflictAction == ONCONFLICT_NOTHING ?
-							"NOTHING" : "UPDATE",
-							es);
+		const char *resolution = NULL;
+
+		if (node->onConflictAction == ONCONFLICT_NOTHING)
+			resolution = "NOTHING";
+		else if (node->onConflictAction == ONCONFLICT_UPDATE)
+			resolution = "UPDATE";
+		else
+		{
+			Assert(node->onConflictAction == ONCONFLICT_SELECT);
+			switch (node->onConflictLockStrength)
+			{
+				case LCS_NONE:
+					resolution = "SELECT";
+					break;
+				case LCS_FORKEYSHARE:
+					resolution = "SELECT FOR KEY SHARE";
+					break;
+				case LCS_FORSHARE:
+					resolution = "SELECT FOR SHARE";
+					break;
+				case LCS_FORNOKEYUPDATE:
+					resolution = "SELECT FOR NO KEY UPDATE";
+					break;
+				case LCS_FORUPDATE:
+					resolution = "SELECT FOR UPDATE";
+					break;
+			}
+		}
+
+		ExplainPropertyText("Conflict Resolution", resolution, es);
 
 		/*
 		 * Don't display arbiter indexes at all when DO NOTHING variant
@@ -4682,7 +4708,7 @@ show_modifytable_info(ModifyTableState *mtstate, List *ancestors,
 		if (idxNames)
 			ExplainPropertyList("Conflict Arbiter Indexes", idxNames, es);
 
-		/* ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE WHERE qual is specially displayed */
+		/* ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE/SELECT WHERE qual is specially displayed */
 		if (node->onConflictWhere)
 		{
 			show_upper_qual((List *) node->onConflictWhere, "Conflict Filter",
diff --git a/src/backend/executor/execPartition.c b/src/backend/executor/execPartition.c
index 0dcce181f09..ab3c74c6fc5 100644
--- a/src/backend/executor/execPartition.c
+++ b/src/backend/executor/execPartition.c
@@ -732,20 +732,27 @@ ExecInitPartitionInfo(ModifyTableState *mtstate, EState *estate,
 		leaf_part_rri->ri_onConflictArbiterIndexes = arbiterIndexes;
 
 		/*
-		 * In the DO UPDATE case, we have some more state to initialize.
+		 * In the DO UPDATE and DO SELECT cases, we have some more state to
+		 * initialize.
 		 */
-		if (node->onConflictAction == ONCONFLICT_UPDATE)
+		if (node->onConflictAction == ONCONFLICT_UPDATE ||
+			node->onConflictAction == ONCONFLICT_SELECT)
 		{
-			OnConflictSetState *onconfl = makeNode(OnConflictSetState);
+			OnConflictActionState *onconfl = makeNode(OnConflictActionState);
 			TupleConversionMap *map;
 
 			map = ExecGetRootToChildMap(leaf_part_rri, estate);
 
-			Assert(node->onConflictSet != NIL);
+			Assert(node->onConflictSet != NIL ||
+				   node->onConflictAction == ONCONFLICT_SELECT);
 			Assert(rootResultRelInfo->ri_onConflict != NULL);
 
 			leaf_part_rri->ri_onConflict = onconfl;
 
+			/* Lock strength for DO SELECT [FOR UPDATE/SHARE] */
+			onconfl->oc_LockStrength =
+				rootResultRelInfo->ri_onConflict->oc_LockStrength;
+
 			/*
 			 * Need a separate existing slot for each partition, as the
 			 * partition could be of a different AM, even if the tuple
@@ -758,7 +765,7 @@ ExecInitPartitionInfo(ModifyTableState *mtstate, EState *estate,
 			/*
 			 * If the partition's tuple descriptor matches exactly the root
 			 * parent (the common case), we can re-use most of the parent's ON
-			 * CONFLICT SET state, skipping a bunch of work.  Otherwise, we
+			 * CONFLICT action state, skipping a bunch of work.  Otherwise, we
 			 * need to create state specific to this partition.
 			 */
 			if (map == NULL)
@@ -766,7 +773,7 @@ ExecInitPartitionInfo(ModifyTableState *mtstate, EState *estate,
 				/*
 				 * It's safe to reuse these from the partition root, as we
 				 * only process one tuple at a time (therefore we won't
-				 * overwrite needed data in slots), and the results of
+				 * overwrite needed data in slots), and the results of any
 				 * projections are independent of the underlying storage.
 				 * Projections and where clauses themselves don't store state
 				 * / are independent of the underlying storage.
@@ -780,66 +787,81 @@ ExecInitPartitionInfo(ModifyTableState *mtstate, EState *estate,
 			}
 			else
 			{
-				List	   *onconflset;
-				List	   *onconflcols;
-
 				/*
-				 * Translate expressions in onConflictSet to account for
-				 * different attribute numbers.  For that, map partition
-				 * varattnos twice: first to catch the EXCLUDED
-				 * pseudo-relation (INNER_VAR), and second to handle the main
-				 * target relation (firstVarno).
+				 * For ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE, translate expressions in
+				 * onConflictSet to account for different attribute numbers.
+				 * For that, map partition varattnos twice: first to catch the
+				 * EXCLUDED pseudo-relation (INNER_VAR), and second to handle
+				 * the main target relation (firstVarno).
 				 */
-				onconflset = copyObject(node->onConflictSet);
-				if (part_attmap == NULL)
-					part_attmap =
-						build_attrmap_by_name(RelationGetDescr(partrel),
-											  RelationGetDescr(firstResultRel),
-											  false);
-				onconflset = (List *)
-					map_variable_attnos((Node *) onconflset,
-										INNER_VAR, 0,
-										part_attmap,
-										RelationGetForm(partrel)->reltype,
-										&found_whole_row);
-				/* We ignore the value of found_whole_row. */
-				onconflset = (List *)
-					map_variable_attnos((Node *) onconflset,
-										firstVarno, 0,
-										part_attmap,
-										RelationGetForm(partrel)->reltype,
-										&found_whole_row);
-				/* We ignore the value of found_whole_row. */
-
-				/* Finally, adjust the target colnos to match the partition. */
-				onconflcols = adjust_partition_colnos(node->onConflictCols,
-													  leaf_part_rri);
-
-				/* create the tuple slot for the UPDATE SET projection */
-				onconfl->oc_ProjSlot =
-					table_slot_create(partrel,
-									  &mtstate->ps.state->es_tupleTable);
+				if (node->onConflictAction == ONCONFLICT_UPDATE)
+				{
+					List	   *onconflset;
+					List	   *onconflcols;
+
+					onconflset = copyObject(node->onConflictSet);
+					if (part_attmap == NULL)
+						part_attmap =
+							build_attrmap_by_name(RelationGetDescr(partrel),
+												  RelationGetDescr(firstResultRel),
+												  false);
+					onconflset = (List *)
+						map_variable_attnos((Node *) onconflset,
+											INNER_VAR, 0,
+											part_attmap,
+											RelationGetForm(partrel)->reltype,
+											&found_whole_row);
+					/* We ignore the value of found_whole_row. */
+					onconflset = (List *)
+						map_variable_attnos((Node *) onconflset,
+											firstVarno, 0,
+											part_attmap,
+											RelationGetForm(partrel)->reltype,
+											&found_whole_row);
+					/* We ignore the value of found_whole_row. */
 
-				/* build UPDATE SET projection state */
-				onconfl->oc_ProjInfo =
-					ExecBuildUpdateProjection(onconflset,
-											  true,
-											  onconflcols,
-											  partrelDesc,
-											  econtext,
-											  onconfl->oc_ProjSlot,
-											  &mtstate->ps);
+					/*
+					 * Finally, adjust the target colnos to match the
+					 * partition.
+					 */
+					onconflcols = adjust_partition_colnos(node->onConflictCols,
+														  leaf_part_rri);
+
+					/* create the tuple slot for the UPDATE SET projection */
+					onconfl->oc_ProjSlot =
+						table_slot_create(partrel,
+										  &mtstate->ps.state->es_tupleTable);
+
+					/* build UPDATE SET projection state */
+					onconfl->oc_ProjInfo =
+						ExecBuildUpdateProjection(onconflset,
+												  true,
+												  onconflcols,
+												  partrelDesc,
+												  econtext,
+												  onconfl->oc_ProjSlot,
+												  &mtstate->ps);
+				}
 
 				/*
-				 * If there is a WHERE clause, initialize state where it will
-				 * be evaluated, mapping the attribute numbers appropriately.
-				 * As with onConflictSet, we need to map partition varattnos
-				 * to the partition's tupdesc.
+				 * For both ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE and ON CONFLICT DO SELECT,
+				 * there may be a WHERE clause.  If so, initialize state where
+				 * it will be evaluated, mapping the attribute numbers
+				 * appropriately.  As with onConflictSet, we need to map
+				 * partition varattnos twice, to catch both the EXCLUDED
+				 * pseudo-relation (INNER_VAR), and the main target relation
+				 * (firstVarno).
 				 */
 				if (node->onConflictWhere)
 				{
 					List	   *clause;
 
+					if (part_attmap == NULL)
+						part_attmap =
+							build_attrmap_by_name(RelationGetDescr(partrel),
+												  RelationGetDescr(firstResultRel),
+												  false);
+
 					clause = copyObject((List *) node->onConflictWhere);
 					clause = (List *)
 						map_variable_attnos((Node *) clause,
diff --git a/src/backend/executor/nodeModifyTable.c b/src/backend/executor/nodeModifyTable.c
index e44f1223886..cbecc1edb01 100644
--- a/src/backend/executor/nodeModifyTable.c
+++ b/src/backend/executor/nodeModifyTable.c
@@ -147,12 +147,24 @@ static void ExecCrossPartitionUpdateForeignKey(ModifyTableContext *context,
 											   ItemPointer tupleid,
 											   TupleTableSlot *oldslot,
 											   TupleTableSlot *newslot);
+static bool ExecOnConflictLockRow(ModifyTableContext *context,
+								  TupleTableSlot *existing,
+								  ItemPointer conflictTid,
+								  Relation relation,
+								  LockTupleMode lockmode,
+								  bool isUpdate);
 static bool ExecOnConflictUpdate(ModifyTableContext *context,
 								 ResultRelInfo *resultRelInfo,
 								 ItemPointer conflictTid,
 								 TupleTableSlot *excludedSlot,
 								 bool canSetTag,
 								 TupleTableSlot **returning);
+static bool ExecOnConflictSelect(ModifyTableContext *context,
+								 ResultRelInfo *resultRelInfo,
+								 ItemPointer conflictTid,
+								 TupleTableSlot *excludedSlot,
+								 bool canSetTag,
+								 TupleTableSlot **returning);
 static TupleTableSlot *ExecPrepareTupleRouting(ModifyTableState *mtstate,
 											   EState *estate,
 											   PartitionTupleRouting *proute,
@@ -1160,6 +1172,26 @@ ExecInsert(ModifyTableContext *context,
 					else
 						goto vlock;
 				}
+				else if (onconflict == ONCONFLICT_SELECT)
+				{
+					/*
+					 * In case of ON CONFLICT DO SELECT, optionally lock the
+					 * conflicting tuple, fetch it and project RETURNING on
+					 * it. Be prepared to retry if locking fails because of a
+					 * concurrent UPDATE/DELETE to the conflict tuple.
+					 */
+					TupleTableSlot *returning = NULL;
+
+					if (ExecOnConflictSelect(context, resultRelInfo,
+											 &conflictTid, slot, canSetTag,
+											 &returning))
+					{
+						InstrCountTuples2(&mtstate->ps, 1);
+						return returning;
+					}
+					else
+						goto vlock;
+				}
 				else
 				{
 					/*
@@ -2701,52 +2733,32 @@ redo_act:
 }
 
 /*
- * ExecOnConflictUpdate --- execute UPDATE of INSERT ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE
+ * ExecOnConflictLockRow --- lock the row for ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE/SELECT
  *
- * Try to lock tuple for update as part of speculative insertion.  If
- * a qual originating from ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE is satisfied, update
- * (but still lock row, even though it may not satisfy estate's
- * snapshot).
+ * Try to lock tuple for update as part of speculative insertion for ON
+ * CONFLICT DO UPDATE or ON CONFLICT DO SELECT FOR UPDATE/SHARE.
  *
- * Returns true if we're done (with or without an update), or false if
- * the caller must retry the INSERT from scratch.
+ * Returns true if the row is successfully locked, or false if the caller must
+ * retry the INSERT from scratch.
  */
 static bool
-ExecOnConflictUpdate(ModifyTableContext *context,
-					 ResultRelInfo *resultRelInfo,
-					 ItemPointer conflictTid,
-					 TupleTableSlot *excludedSlot,
-					 bool canSetTag,
-					 TupleTableSlot **returning)
+ExecOnConflictLockRow(ModifyTableContext *context,
+					  TupleTableSlot *existing,
+					  ItemPointer conflictTid,
+					  Relation relation,
+					  LockTupleMode lockmode,
+					  bool isUpdate)
 {
-	ModifyTableState *mtstate = context->mtstate;
-	ExprContext *econtext = mtstate->ps.ps_ExprContext;
-	Relation	relation = resultRelInfo->ri_RelationDesc;
-	ExprState  *onConflictSetWhere = resultRelInfo->ri_onConflict->oc_WhereClause;
-	TupleTableSlot *existing = resultRelInfo->ri_onConflict->oc_Existing;
 	TM_FailureData tmfd;
-	LockTupleMode lockmode;
 	TM_Result	test;
 	Datum		xminDatum;
 	TransactionId xmin;
 	bool		isnull;
 
 	/*
-	 * Parse analysis should have blocked ON CONFLICT for all system
-	 * relations, which includes these.  There's no fundamental obstacle to
-	 * supporting this; we'd just need to handle LOCKTAG_TUPLE like the other
-	 * ExecUpdate() caller.
-	 */
-	Assert(!resultRelInfo->ri_needLockTagTuple);
-
-	/* Determine lock mode to use */
-	lockmode = ExecUpdateLockMode(context->estate, resultRelInfo);
-
-	/*
-	 * Lock tuple for update.  Don't follow updates when tuple cannot be
-	 * locked without doing so.  A row locking conflict here means our
-	 * previous conclusion that the tuple is conclusively committed is not
-	 * true anymore.
+	 * Don't follow updates when tuple cannot be locked without doing so.  A
+	 * row locking conflict here means our previous conclusion that the tuple
+	 * is conclusively committed is not true anymore.
 	 */
 	test = table_tuple_lock(relation, conflictTid,
 							context->estate->es_snapshot,
@@ -2788,7 +2800,7 @@ ExecOnConflictUpdate(ModifyTableContext *context,
 						(errcode(ERRCODE_CARDINALITY_VIOLATION),
 				/* translator: %s is a SQL command name */
 						 errmsg("%s command cannot affect row a second time",
-								"ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE"),
+								isUpdate ? "ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE" : "ON CONFLICT DO SELECT"),
 						 errhint("Ensure that no rows proposed for insertion within the same command have duplicate constrained values.")));
 
 			/* This shouldn't happen */
@@ -2845,6 +2857,50 @@ ExecOnConflictUpdate(ModifyTableContext *context,
 	}
 
 	/* Success, the tuple is locked. */
+	return true;
+}
+
+/*
+ * ExecOnConflictUpdate --- execute UPDATE of INSERT ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE
+ *
+ * Try to lock tuple for update as part of speculative insertion.  If
+ * a qual originating from ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE is satisfied, update
+ * (but still lock row, even though it may not satisfy estate's
+ * snapshot).
+ *
+ * Returns true if we're done (with or without an update), or false if
+ * the caller must retry the INSERT from scratch.
+ */
+static bool
+ExecOnConflictUpdate(ModifyTableContext *context,
+					 ResultRelInfo *resultRelInfo,
+					 ItemPointer conflictTid,
+					 TupleTableSlot *excludedSlot,
+					 bool canSetTag,
+					 TupleTableSlot **returning)
+{
+	ModifyTableState *mtstate = context->mtstate;
+	ExprContext *econtext = mtstate->ps.ps_ExprContext;
+	Relation	relation = resultRelInfo->ri_RelationDesc;
+	ExprState  *onConflictSetWhere = resultRelInfo->ri_onConflict->oc_WhereClause;
+	TupleTableSlot *existing = resultRelInfo->ri_onConflict->oc_Existing;
+	LockTupleMode lockmode;
+
+	/*
+	 * Parse analysis should have blocked ON CONFLICT for all system
+	 * relations, which includes these.  There's no fundamental obstacle to
+	 * supporting this; we'd just need to handle LOCKTAG_TUPLE like the other
+	 * ExecUpdate() caller.
+	 */
+	Assert(!resultRelInfo->ri_needLockTagTuple);
+
+	/* Determine lock mode to use */
+	lockmode = ExecUpdateLockMode(context->estate, resultRelInfo);
+
+	/* Lock tuple for update */
+	if (!ExecOnConflictLockRow(context, existing, conflictTid,
+							   resultRelInfo->ri_RelationDesc, lockmode, true))
+		return false;
 
 	/*
 	 * Verify that the tuple is visible to our MVCC snapshot if the current
@@ -2886,11 +2942,12 @@ ExecOnConflictUpdate(ModifyTableContext *context,
 		 * security barrier quals (if any), enforced here as RLS checks/WCOs.
 		 *
 		 * The rewriter creates UPDATE RLS checks/WCOs for UPDATE security
-		 * quals, and stores them as WCOs of "kind" WCO_RLS_CONFLICT_CHECK,
-		 * but that's almost the extent of its special handling for ON
-		 * CONFLICT DO UPDATE.
+		 * quals, and stores them as WCOs of "kind" WCO_RLS_CONFLICT_CHECK. If
+		 * SELECT rights are required on the target table, the rewriter also
+		 * adds SELECT RLS checks/WCOs for SELECT security quals, using WCOs
+		 * of the same kind, so this check enforces them too.
 		 *
-		 * The rewriter will also have associated UPDATE applicable straight
+		 * The rewriter will also have associated UPDATE-applicable straight
 		 * RLS checks/WCOs for the benefit of the ExecUpdate() call that
 		 * follows.  INSERTs and UPDATEs naturally have mutually exclusive WCO
 		 * kinds, so there is no danger of spurious over-enforcement in the
@@ -2935,6 +2992,138 @@ ExecOnConflictUpdate(ModifyTableContext *context,
 	return true;
 }
 
+/*
+ * ExecOnConflictSelect --- execute SELECT of INSERT ON CONFLICT DO SELECT
+ *
+ * If SELECT FOR UPDATE/SHARE is specified, try to lock tuple as part of
+ * speculative insertion.  If a qual originating from ON CONFLICT DO SELECT is
+ * satisfied, select the row.
+ *
+ * Returns true if we're done (with or without a select), or false if the
+ * caller must retry the INSERT from scratch.
+ */
+static bool
+ExecOnConflictSelect(ModifyTableContext *context,
+					 ResultRelInfo *resultRelInfo,
+					 ItemPointer conflictTid,
+					 TupleTableSlot *excludedSlot,
+					 bool canSetTag,
+					 TupleTableSlot **rslot)
+{
+	ModifyTableState *mtstate = context->mtstate;
+	ExprContext *econtext = mtstate->ps.ps_ExprContext;
+	Relation	relation = resultRelInfo->ri_RelationDesc;
+	ExprState  *onConflictSelectWhere = resultRelInfo->ri_onConflict->oc_WhereClause;
+	TupleTableSlot *existing = resultRelInfo->ri_onConflict->oc_Existing;
+	LockClauseStrength lockStrength = resultRelInfo->ri_onConflict->oc_LockStrength;
+
+	/*
+	 * Parse analysis should have blocked ON CONFLICT for all system
+	 * relations, which includes these.  There's no fundamental obstacle to
+	 * supporting this; we'd just need to handle LOCKTAG_TUPLE like the other
+	 * ExecUpdate() caller.
+	 */
+	Assert(!resultRelInfo->ri_needLockTagTuple);
+
+	if (lockStrength == LCS_NONE)
+	{
+		if (!table_tuple_fetch_row_version(relation, conflictTid, SnapshotAny, existing))
+			/* The pre-existing tuple was deleted */
+			return false;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		LockTupleMode lockmode;
+
+		switch (lockStrength)
+		{
+			case LCS_FORKEYSHARE:
+				lockmode = LockTupleKeyShare;
+				break;
+			case LCS_FORSHARE:
+				lockmode = LockTupleShare;
+				break;
+			case LCS_FORNOKEYUPDATE:
+				lockmode = LockTupleNoKeyExclusive;
+				break;
+			case LCS_FORUPDATE:
+				lockmode = LockTupleExclusive;
+				break;
+			default:
+				elog(ERROR, "unexpected lock strength %d", lockStrength);
+		}
+
+		if (!ExecOnConflictLockRow(context, existing, conflictTid,
+								   resultRelInfo->ri_RelationDesc, lockmode, false))
+			return false;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * For the same reasons as ExecOnConflictUpdate, we must verify that the
+	 * tuple is visible to our snapshot.
+	 */
+	ExecCheckTupleVisible(context->estate, relation, existing);
+
+	/*
+	 * Make tuple and any needed join variables available to ExecQual.  The
+	 * EXCLUDED tuple is installed in ecxt_innertuple, while the target's
+	 * existing tuple is installed in the scantuple.  EXCLUDED has been made
+	 * to reference INNER_VAR in setrefs.c, but there is no other redirection.
+	 */
+	econtext->ecxt_scantuple = existing;
+	econtext->ecxt_innertuple = excludedSlot;
+	econtext->ecxt_outertuple = NULL;
+
+	if (!ExecQual(onConflictSelectWhere, econtext))
+	{
+		ExecClearTuple(existing);	/* see return below */
+		InstrCountFiltered1(&mtstate->ps, 1);
+		return true;			/* done with the tuple */
+	}
+
+	if (resultRelInfo->ri_WithCheckOptions != NIL)
+	{
+		/*
+		 * Check target's existing tuple against SELECT-applicable USING
+		 * security barrier quals (if any), enforced here as RLS checks/WCOs.
+		 *
+		 * The rewriter creates SELECT RLS checks/WCOs for SELECT security
+		 * quals, and stores them as WCOs of "kind" WCO_RLS_CONFLICT_CHECK. If
+		 * FOR UPDATE/SHARE was specified, UPDATE rights are required on the
+		 * target table, and the rewriter also adds UPDATE RLS checks/WCOs for
+		 * UPDATE security quals, using WCOs of the same kind, so this check
+		 * enforces them too.
+		 */
+		ExecWithCheckOptions(WCO_RLS_CONFLICT_CHECK, resultRelInfo,
+							 existing,
+							 mtstate->ps.state);
+	}
+
+	/* RETURNING is required for DO SELECT */
+	Assert(resultRelInfo->ri_projectReturning);
+
+	*rslot = ExecProcessReturning(context, resultRelInfo, CMD_INSERT,
+								  existing, existing, context->planSlot);
+
+	if (canSetTag)
+		context->estate->es_processed++;
+
+	/*
+	 * Before releasing the existing tuple, make sure rslot has a local copy
+	 * of any pass-by-reference values.
+	 */
+	ExecMaterializeSlot(*rslot);
+
+	/*
+	 * Clear out existing tuple, as there might not be another conflict among
+	 * the next input rows. Don't want to hold resources till the end of the
+	 * query.
+	 */
+	ExecClearTuple(existing);
+
+	return true;
+}
+
 /*
  * Perform MERGE.
  */
@@ -5030,49 +5219,60 @@ ExecInitModifyTable(ModifyTable *node, EState *estate, int eflags)
 	}
 
 	/*
-	 * If needed, Initialize target list, projection and qual for ON CONFLICT
-	 * DO UPDATE.
+	 * For ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE/SELECT, initialize the ON CONFLICT action
+	 * state.
 	 */
-	if (node->onConflictAction == ONCONFLICT_UPDATE)
+	if (node->onConflictAction == ONCONFLICT_UPDATE ||
+		node->onConflictAction == ONCONFLICT_SELECT)
 	{
-		OnConflictSetState *onconfl = makeNode(OnConflictSetState);
-		ExprContext *econtext;
-		TupleDesc	relationDesc;
+		OnConflictActionState *onconfl = makeNode(OnConflictActionState);
 
 		/* already exists if created by RETURNING processing above */
 		if (mtstate->ps.ps_ExprContext == NULL)
 			ExecAssignExprContext(estate, &mtstate->ps);
 
-		econtext = mtstate->ps.ps_ExprContext;
-		relationDesc = resultRelInfo->ri_RelationDesc->rd_att;
-
-		/* create state for DO UPDATE SET operation */
+		/* action state for DO UPDATE/SELECT */
 		resultRelInfo->ri_onConflict = onconfl;
 
+		/* lock strength for DO SELECT [FOR UPDATE/SHARE] */
+		onconfl->oc_LockStrength = node->onConflictLockStrength;
+
 		/* initialize slot for the existing tuple */
 		onconfl->oc_Existing =
 			table_slot_create(resultRelInfo->ri_RelationDesc,
 							  &mtstate->ps.state->es_tupleTable);
 
 		/*
-		 * Create the tuple slot for the UPDATE SET projection. We want a slot
-		 * of the table's type here, because the slot will be used to insert
-		 * into the table, and for RETURNING processing - which may access
-		 * system attributes.
+		 * For ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE, initialize target list and projection.
 		 */
-		onconfl->oc_ProjSlot =
-			table_slot_create(resultRelInfo->ri_RelationDesc,
-							  &mtstate->ps.state->es_tupleTable);
+		if (node->onConflictAction == ONCONFLICT_UPDATE)
+		{
+			ExprContext *econtext;
+			TupleDesc	relationDesc;
+
+			econtext = mtstate->ps.ps_ExprContext;
+			relationDesc = resultRelInfo->ri_RelationDesc->rd_att;
 
-		/* build UPDATE SET projection state */
-		onconfl->oc_ProjInfo =
-			ExecBuildUpdateProjection(node->onConflictSet,
-									  true,
-									  node->onConflictCols,
-									  relationDesc,
-									  econtext,
-									  onconfl->oc_ProjSlot,
-									  &mtstate->ps);
+			/*
+			 * Create the tuple slot for the UPDATE SET projection. We want a
+			 * slot of the table's type here, because the slot will be used to
+			 * insert into the table, and for RETURNING processing - which may
+			 * access system attributes.
+			 */
+			onconfl->oc_ProjSlot =
+				table_slot_create(resultRelInfo->ri_RelationDesc,
+								  &mtstate->ps.state->es_tupleTable);
+
+			/* build UPDATE SET projection state */
+			onconfl->oc_ProjInfo =
+				ExecBuildUpdateProjection(node->onConflictSet,
+										  true,
+										  node->onConflictCols,
+										  relationDesc,
+										  econtext,
+										  onconfl->oc_ProjSlot,
+										  &mtstate->ps);
+		}
 
 		/* initialize state to evaluate the WHERE clause, if any */
 		if (node->onConflictWhere)
diff --git a/src/backend/optimizer/plan/createplan.c b/src/backend/optimizer/plan/createplan.c
index 8af091ba647..8f2586eeda1 100644
--- a/src/backend/optimizer/plan/createplan.c
+++ b/src/backend/optimizer/plan/createplan.c
@@ -7036,10 +7036,11 @@ make_modifytable(PlannerInfo *root, Plan *subplan,
 	if (!onconflict)
 	{
 		node->onConflictAction = ONCONFLICT_NONE;
+		node->arbiterIndexes = NIL;
+		node->onConflictLockStrength = LCS_NONE;
 		node->onConflictSet = NIL;
 		node->onConflictCols = NIL;
 		node->onConflictWhere = NULL;
-		node->arbiterIndexes = NIL;
 		node->exclRelRTI = 0;
 		node->exclRelTlist = NIL;
 	}
@@ -7047,6 +7048,9 @@ make_modifytable(PlannerInfo *root, Plan *subplan,
 	{
 		node->onConflictAction = onconflict->action;
 
+		/* Lock strength for ON CONFLICT SELECT [FOR UPDATE/SHARE] */
+		node->onConflictLockStrength = onconflict->lockStrength;
+
 		/*
 		 * Here we convert the ON CONFLICT UPDATE tlist, if any, to the
 		 * executor's convention of having consecutive resno's.  The actual
diff --git a/src/backend/optimizer/plan/setrefs.c b/src/backend/optimizer/plan/setrefs.c
index ccdc9bc264a..b4d9a998e07 100644
--- a/src/backend/optimizer/plan/setrefs.c
+++ b/src/backend/optimizer/plan/setrefs.c
@@ -1140,7 +1140,8 @@ set_plan_refs(PlannerInfo *root, Plan *plan, int rtoffset)
 				 * those are already used by RETURNING and it seems better to
 				 * be non-conflicting.
 				 */
-				if (splan->onConflictSet)
+				if (splan->onConflictAction == ONCONFLICT_UPDATE ||
+					splan->onConflictAction == ONCONFLICT_SELECT)
 				{
 					indexed_tlist *itlist;
 
diff --git a/src/backend/optimizer/util/plancat.c b/src/backend/optimizer/util/plancat.c
index 7af9a2064e3..c1a00c354ec 100644
--- a/src/backend/optimizer/util/plancat.c
+++ b/src/backend/optimizer/util/plancat.c
@@ -939,10 +939,18 @@ infer_arbiter_indexes(PlannerInfo *root)
 		 */
 		if (indexOidFromConstraint == idxForm->indexrelid)
 		{
-			if (idxForm->indisexclusion && onconflict->action == ONCONFLICT_UPDATE)
+			/*
+			 * ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE/SELECT are not supported with exclusion
+			 * constraints (they require a unique index, to ensure that there
+			 * is only one conflicting row to update/select).
+			 */
+			if (idxForm->indisexclusion &&
+				(onconflict->action == ONCONFLICT_UPDATE ||
+				 onconflict->action == ONCONFLICT_SELECT))
 				ereport(ERROR,
-						(errcode(ERRCODE_WRONG_OBJECT_TYPE),
-						 errmsg("ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE not supported with exclusion constraints")));
+						errcode(ERRCODE_WRONG_OBJECT_TYPE),
+						errmsg("ON CONFLICT DO %s not supported with exclusion constraints",
+							   onconflict->action == ONCONFLICT_UPDATE ? "UPDATE" : "SELECT"));
 
 			results = lappend_oid(results, idxForm->indexrelid);
 			foundValid |= idxForm->indisvalid;
diff --git a/src/backend/parser/analyze.c b/src/backend/parser/analyze.c
index 7843a0c857e..73b3a0fc938 100644
--- a/src/backend/parser/analyze.c
+++ b/src/backend/parser/analyze.c
@@ -650,7 +650,7 @@ transformInsertStmt(ParseState *pstate, InsertStmt *stmt)
 	ListCell   *icols;
 	ListCell   *attnos;
 	ListCell   *lc;
-	bool		isOnConflictUpdate;
+	bool		requiresUpdatePerm;
 	AclMode		targetPerms;
 
 	/* There can't be any outer WITH to worry about */
@@ -669,8 +669,14 @@ transformInsertStmt(ParseState *pstate, InsertStmt *stmt)
 
 	qry->override = stmt->override;
 
-	isOnConflictUpdate = (stmt->onConflictClause &&
-						  stmt->onConflictClause->action == ONCONFLICT_UPDATE);
+	/*
+	 * ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE and ON CONFLICT DO SELECT FOR UPDATE/SHARE
+	 * require UPDATE permission on the target relation.
+	 */
+	requiresUpdatePerm = (stmt->onConflictClause &&
+						  (stmt->onConflictClause->action == ONCONFLICT_UPDATE ||
+						   (stmt->onConflictClause->action == ONCONFLICT_SELECT &&
+							stmt->onConflictClause->lockStrength != LCS_NONE)));
 
 	/*
 	 * We have three cases to deal with: DEFAULT VALUES (selectStmt == NULL),
@@ -720,7 +726,7 @@ transformInsertStmt(ParseState *pstate, InsertStmt *stmt)
 	 * to the joinlist or namespace.
 	 */
 	targetPerms = ACL_INSERT;
-	if (isOnConflictUpdate)
+	if (requiresUpdatePerm)
 		targetPerms |= ACL_UPDATE;
 	qry->resultRelation = setTargetTable(pstate, stmt->relation,
 										 false, false, targetPerms);
@@ -1027,6 +1033,15 @@ transformInsertStmt(ParseState *pstate, InsertStmt *stmt)
 						 false, true, true);
 	}
 
+	/* ON CONFLICT DO SELECT requires a RETURNING clause */
+	if (stmt->onConflictClause &&
+		stmt->onConflictClause->action == ONCONFLICT_SELECT &&
+		!stmt->returningClause)
+		ereport(ERROR,
+				errcode(ERRCODE_SYNTAX_ERROR),
+				errmsg("ON CONFLICT DO SELECT requires a RETURNING clause"),
+				parser_errposition(pstate, stmt->onConflictClause->location));
+
 	/* Process ON CONFLICT, if any. */
 	if (stmt->onConflictClause)
 		qry->onConflict = transformOnConflictClause(pstate,
@@ -1185,12 +1200,13 @@ transformOnConflictClause(ParseState *pstate,
 	OnConflictExpr *result;
 
 	/*
-	 * If this is ON CONFLICT ... UPDATE, first create the range table entry
-	 * for the EXCLUDED pseudo relation, so that that will be present while
-	 * processing arbiter expressions.  (You can't actually reference it from
-	 * there, but this provides a useful error message if you try.)
+	 * If this is ON CONFLICT ... UPDATE/SELECT, first create the range table
+	 * entry for the EXCLUDED pseudo relation, so that that will be present
+	 * while processing arbiter expressions.  (You can't actually reference it
+	 * from there, but this provides a useful error message if you try.)
 	 */
-	if (onConflictClause->action == ONCONFLICT_UPDATE)
+	if (onConflictClause->action == ONCONFLICT_UPDATE ||
+		onConflictClause->action == ONCONFLICT_SELECT)
 	{
 		Relation	targetrel = pstate->p_target_relation;
 		RangeTblEntry *exclRte;
@@ -1219,27 +1235,28 @@ transformOnConflictClause(ParseState *pstate,
 	transformOnConflictArbiter(pstate, onConflictClause, &arbiterElems,
 							   &arbiterWhere, &arbiterConstraint);
 
-	/* Process DO UPDATE */
-	if (onConflictClause->action == ONCONFLICT_UPDATE)
+	/* Process DO UPDATE/SELECT */
+	if (onConflictClause->action == ONCONFLICT_UPDATE ||
+		onConflictClause->action == ONCONFLICT_SELECT)
 	{
-		/*
-		 * Expressions in the UPDATE targetlist need to be handled like UPDATE
-		 * not INSERT.  We don't need to save/restore this because all INSERT
-		 * expressions have been parsed already.
-		 */
-		pstate->p_is_insert = false;
-
 		/*
 		 * Add the EXCLUDED pseudo relation to the query namespace, making it
-		 * available in the UPDATE subexpressions.
+		 * available in the UPDATE/SELECT subexpressions.
 		 */
 		addNSItemToQuery(pstate, exclNSItem, false, true, true);
 
-		/*
-		 * Now transform the UPDATE subexpressions.
-		 */
-		onConflictSet =
-			transformUpdateTargetList(pstate, onConflictClause->targetList);
+		if (onConflictClause->action == ONCONFLICT_UPDATE)
+		{
+			/*
+			 * Expressions in the UPDATE targetlist need to be handled like
+			 * UPDATE not INSERT.  We don't need to save/restore this because
+			 * all INSERT expressions have been parsed already.
+			 */
+			pstate->p_is_insert = false;
+
+			onConflictSet =
+				transformUpdateTargetList(pstate, onConflictClause->targetList);
+		}
 
 		onConflictWhere = transformWhereClause(pstate,
 											   onConflictClause->whereClause,
@@ -1254,13 +1271,14 @@ transformOnConflictClause(ParseState *pstate,
 		pstate->p_namespace = list_delete_last(pstate->p_namespace);
 	}
 
-	/* Finally, build ON CONFLICT DO [NOTHING | UPDATE] expression */
+	/* Finally, build ON CONFLICT DO [NOTHING | SELECT | UPDATE] expression */
 	result = makeNode(OnConflictExpr);
 
 	result->action = onConflictClause->action;
 	result->arbiterElems = arbiterElems;
 	result->arbiterWhere = arbiterWhere;
 	result->constraint = arbiterConstraint;
+	result->lockStrength = onConflictClause->lockStrength;
 	result->onConflictSet = onConflictSet;
 	result->onConflictWhere = onConflictWhere;
 	result->exclRelIndex = exclRelIndex;
diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y
index c3a0a354a9c..13e6c0de342 100644
--- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y
+++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y
@@ -480,7 +480,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query);
 %type <ival>	 OptNoLog
 %type <oncommit> OnCommitOption
 
-%type <ival>	for_locking_strength
+%type <ival>	for_locking_strength opt_for_locking_strength
 %type <node>	for_locking_item
 %type <list>	for_locking_clause opt_for_locking_clause for_locking_items
 %type <list>	locked_rels_list
@@ -12439,12 +12439,24 @@ insert_column_item:
 		;
 
 opt_on_conflict:
+			ON CONFLICT opt_conf_expr DO SELECT opt_for_locking_strength where_clause
+				{
+					$$ = makeNode(OnConflictClause);
+					$$->action = ONCONFLICT_SELECT;
+					$$->infer = $3;
+					$$->targetList = NIL;
+					$$->lockStrength = $6;
+					$$->whereClause = $7;
+					$$->location = @1;
+				}
+			|
 			ON CONFLICT opt_conf_expr DO UPDATE SET set_clause_list	where_clause
 				{
 					$$ = makeNode(OnConflictClause);
 					$$->action = ONCONFLICT_UPDATE;
 					$$->infer = $3;
 					$$->targetList = $7;
+					$$->lockStrength = LCS_NONE;
 					$$->whereClause = $8;
 					$$->location = @1;
 				}
@@ -12455,6 +12467,7 @@ opt_on_conflict:
 					$$->action = ONCONFLICT_NOTHING;
 					$$->infer = $3;
 					$$->targetList = NIL;
+					$$->lockStrength = LCS_NONE;
 					$$->whereClause = NULL;
 					$$->location = @1;
 				}
@@ -13684,6 +13697,11 @@ for_locking_strength:
 			| FOR KEY SHARE						{ $$ = LCS_FORKEYSHARE; }
 		;
 
+opt_for_locking_strength:
+			for_locking_strength				{ $$ = $1; }
+			| /* EMPTY */						{ $$ = LCS_NONE; }
+		;
+
 locked_rels_list:
 			OF qualified_name_list					{ $$ = $2; }
 			| /* EMPTY */							{ $$ = NIL; }
diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_clause.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_clause.c
index ca26f6f61f2..e8d1e01732e 100644
--- a/src/backend/parser/parse_clause.c
+++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_clause.c
@@ -3368,13 +3368,15 @@ transformOnConflictArbiter(ParseState *pstate,
 	*arbiterWhere = NULL;
 	*constraint = InvalidOid;
 
-	if (onConflictClause->action == ONCONFLICT_UPDATE && !infer)
+	if ((onConflictClause->action == ONCONFLICT_UPDATE ||
+		 onConflictClause->action == ONCONFLICT_SELECT) && !infer)
 		ereport(ERROR,
-				(errcode(ERRCODE_SYNTAX_ERROR),
-				 errmsg("ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE requires inference specification or constraint name"),
-				 errhint("For example, ON CONFLICT (column_name)."),
-				 parser_errposition(pstate,
-									exprLocation((Node *) onConflictClause))));
+				errcode(ERRCODE_SYNTAX_ERROR),
+				errmsg("ON CONFLICT DO %s requires inference specification or constraint name",
+					   onConflictClause->action == ONCONFLICT_UPDATE ? "UPDATE" : "SELECT"),
+				errhint("For example, ON CONFLICT (column_name)."),
+				parser_errposition(pstate,
+								   exprLocation((Node *) onConflictClause)));
 
 	/*
 	 * To simplify certain aspects of its design, speculative insertion into
diff --git a/src/backend/rewrite/rewriteHandler.c b/src/backend/rewrite/rewriteHandler.c
index adc9e7600e1..aa377022df1 100644
--- a/src/backend/rewrite/rewriteHandler.c
+++ b/src/backend/rewrite/rewriteHandler.c
@@ -655,6 +655,19 @@ rewriteRuleAction(Query *parsetree,
 			rule_action = sub_action;
 	}
 
+	/*
+	 * If rule_action is INSERT .. ON CONFLICT DO SELECT, the parser should
+	 * have verified that it has a RETURNING clause, but we must also check
+	 * that the triggering query has a RETURNING clause.
+	 */
+	if (rule_action->onConflict &&
+		rule_action->onConflict->action == ONCONFLICT_SELECT &&
+		(!rule_action->returningList || !parsetree->returningList))
+		ereport(ERROR,
+				errcode(ERRCODE_SYNTAX_ERROR),
+				errmsg("ON CONFLICT DO SELECT requires a RETURNING clause"),
+				errdetail("A rule action is INSERT ... ON CONFLICT DO SELECT, which requires a RETURNING clause."));
+
 	/*
 	 * If rule_action has a RETURNING clause, then either throw it away if the
 	 * triggering query has no RETURNING clause, or rewrite it to emit what
@@ -3640,11 +3653,12 @@ rewriteTargetView(Query *parsetree, Relation view)
 	}
 
 	/*
-	 * For INSERT .. ON CONFLICT .. DO UPDATE, we must also update assorted
-	 * stuff in the onConflict data structure.
+	 * For INSERT .. ON CONFLICT .. DO UPDATE/SELECT, we must also update
+	 * assorted stuff in the onConflict data structure.
 	 */
 	if (parsetree->onConflict &&
-		parsetree->onConflict->action == ONCONFLICT_UPDATE)
+		(parsetree->onConflict->action == ONCONFLICT_UPDATE ||
+		 parsetree->onConflict->action == ONCONFLICT_SELECT))
 	{
 		Index		old_exclRelIndex,
 					new_exclRelIndex;
@@ -3653,9 +3667,8 @@ rewriteTargetView(Query *parsetree, Relation view)
 		List	   *tmp_tlist;
 
 		/*
-		 * Like the INSERT/UPDATE code above, update the resnos in the
-		 * auxiliary UPDATE targetlist to refer to columns of the base
-		 * relation.
+		 * For ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE, update the resnos in the auxiliary
+		 * UPDATE targetlist to refer to columns of the base relation.
 		 */
 		foreach(lc, parsetree->onConflict->onConflictSet)
 		{
@@ -3674,7 +3687,7 @@ rewriteTargetView(Query *parsetree, Relation view)
 		}
 
 		/*
-		 * Also, create a new RTE for the EXCLUDED pseudo-relation, using the
+		 * Create a new RTE for the EXCLUDED pseudo-relation, using the
 		 * query's new base rel (which may well have a different column list
 		 * from the view, hence we need a new column alias list).  This should
 		 * match transformOnConflictClause.  In particular, note that the
diff --git a/src/backend/rewrite/rowsecurity.c b/src/backend/rewrite/rowsecurity.c
index 4dad384d04d..c9bdff6f8f5 100644
--- a/src/backend/rewrite/rowsecurity.c
+++ b/src/backend/rewrite/rowsecurity.c
@@ -301,40 +301,48 @@ get_row_security_policies(Query *root, RangeTblEntry *rte, int rt_index,
 		}
 
 		/*
-		 * For INSERT ... ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE we need additional policy
-		 * checks for the UPDATE which may be applied to the same RTE.
+		 * For INSERT ... ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE/SELECT we need additional
+		 * policy checks for the UPDATE/SELECT which may be applied to the
+		 * same RTE.
 		 */
-		if (commandType == CMD_INSERT &&
-			root->onConflict && root->onConflict->action == ONCONFLICT_UPDATE)
+		if (commandType == CMD_INSERT && root->onConflict &&
+			(root->onConflict->action == ONCONFLICT_UPDATE ||
+			 root->onConflict->action == ONCONFLICT_SELECT))
 		{
-			List	   *conflict_permissive_policies;
-			List	   *conflict_restrictive_policies;
+			List	   *conflict_permissive_policies = NIL;
+			List	   *conflict_restrictive_policies = NIL;
 			List	   *conflict_select_permissive_policies = NIL;
 			List	   *conflict_select_restrictive_policies = NIL;
 
-			/* Get the policies that apply to the auxiliary UPDATE */
-			get_policies_for_relation(rel, CMD_UPDATE, user_id,
-									  &conflict_permissive_policies,
-									  &conflict_restrictive_policies);
-
-			/*
-			 * Enforce the USING clauses of the UPDATE policies using WCOs
-			 * rather than security quals.  This ensures that an error is
-			 * raised if the conflicting row cannot be updated due to RLS,
-			 * rather than the change being silently dropped.
-			 */
-			add_with_check_options(rel, rt_index,
-								   WCO_RLS_CONFLICT_CHECK,
-								   conflict_permissive_policies,
-								   conflict_restrictive_policies,
-								   withCheckOptions,
-								   hasSubLinks,
-								   true);
+			if (perminfo->requiredPerms & ACL_UPDATE)
+			{
+				/*
+				 * Get the policies that apply to the auxiliary UPDATE or
+				 * SELECT FOR SHARE/UDPATE.
+				 */
+				get_policies_for_relation(rel, CMD_UPDATE, user_id,
+										  &conflict_permissive_policies,
+										  &conflict_restrictive_policies);
+
+				/*
+				 * Enforce the USING clauses of the UPDATE policies using WCOs
+				 * rather than security quals.  This ensures that an error is
+				 * raised if the conflicting row cannot be updated/locked due
+				 * to RLS, rather than the change being silently dropped.
+				 */
+				add_with_check_options(rel, rt_index,
+									   WCO_RLS_CONFLICT_CHECK,
+									   conflict_permissive_policies,
+									   conflict_restrictive_policies,
+									   withCheckOptions,
+									   hasSubLinks,
+									   true);
+			}
 
 			/*
 			 * Get and add ALL/SELECT policies, as WCO_RLS_CONFLICT_CHECK WCOs
-			 * to ensure they are considered when taking the UPDATE path of an
-			 * INSERT .. ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE, if SELECT rights are required
+			 * to ensure they are considered when taking the UPDATE/SELECT
+			 * path of an INSERT .. ON CONFLICT, if SELECT rights are required
 			 * for this relation, also as WCO policies, again, to avoid
 			 * silently dropping data.  See above.
 			 */
@@ -352,29 +360,36 @@ get_row_security_policies(Query *root, RangeTblEntry *rte, int rt_index,
 									   true);
 			}
 
-			/* Enforce the WITH CHECK clauses of the UPDATE policies */
-			add_with_check_options(rel, rt_index,
-								   WCO_RLS_UPDATE_CHECK,
-								   conflict_permissive_policies,
-								   conflict_restrictive_policies,
-								   withCheckOptions,
-								   hasSubLinks,
-								   false);
-
 			/*
-			 * Add ALL/SELECT policies as WCO_RLS_UPDATE_CHECK WCOs, to ensure
-			 * that the final updated row is visible when taking the UPDATE
-			 * path of an INSERT .. ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE, if SELECT rights
-			 * are required for this relation.
+			 * For INSERT .. ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE, add additional policies to
+			 * be checked when the auxiliary UPDATE is executed.
 			 */
-			if (perminfo->requiredPerms & ACL_SELECT)
+			if (root->onConflict->action == ONCONFLICT_UPDATE)
+			{
+				/* Enforce the WITH CHECK clauses of the UPDATE policies */
 				add_with_check_options(rel, rt_index,
 									   WCO_RLS_UPDATE_CHECK,
-									   conflict_select_permissive_policies,
-									   conflict_select_restrictive_policies,
+									   conflict_permissive_policies,
+									   conflict_restrictive_policies,
 									   withCheckOptions,
 									   hasSubLinks,
-									   true);
+									   false);
+
+				/*
+				 * Add ALL/SELECT policies as WCO_RLS_UPDATE_CHECK WCOs, to
+				 * ensure that the final updated row is visible when taking
+				 * the UPDATE path of an INSERT .. ON CONFLICT, if SELECT
+				 * rights are required for this relation.
+				 */
+				if (perminfo->requiredPerms & ACL_SELECT)
+					add_with_check_options(rel, rt_index,
+										   WCO_RLS_UPDATE_CHECK,
+										   conflict_select_permissive_policies,
+										   conflict_select_restrictive_policies,
+										   withCheckOptions,
+										   hasSubLinks,
+										   true);
+			}
 		}
 	}
 
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c
index 556ab057e5a..5da4b0ff296 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c
@@ -426,6 +426,7 @@ static void get_update_query_targetlist_def(Query *query, List *targetList,
 static void get_delete_query_def(Query *query, deparse_context *context);
 static void get_merge_query_def(Query *query, deparse_context *context);
 static void get_utility_query_def(Query *query, deparse_context *context);
+static char *get_lock_clause_strength(LockClauseStrength strength);
 static void get_basic_select_query(Query *query, deparse_context *context);
 static void get_target_list(List *targetList, deparse_context *context);
 static void get_returning_clause(Query *query, deparse_context *context);
@@ -5997,30 +5998,9 @@ get_select_query_def(Query *query, deparse_context *context)
 			if (rc->pushedDown)
 				continue;
 
-			switch (rc->strength)
-			{
-				case LCS_NONE:
-					/* we intentionally throw an error for LCS_NONE */
-					elog(ERROR, "unrecognized LockClauseStrength %d",
-						 (int) rc->strength);
-					break;
-				case LCS_FORKEYSHARE:
-					appendContextKeyword(context, " FOR KEY SHARE",
-										 -PRETTYINDENT_STD, PRETTYINDENT_STD, 0);
-					break;
-				case LCS_FORSHARE:
-					appendContextKeyword(context, " FOR SHARE",
-										 -PRETTYINDENT_STD, PRETTYINDENT_STD, 0);
-					break;
-				case LCS_FORNOKEYUPDATE:
-					appendContextKeyword(context, " FOR NO KEY UPDATE",
-										 -PRETTYINDENT_STD, PRETTYINDENT_STD, 0);
-					break;
-				case LCS_FORUPDATE:
-					appendContextKeyword(context, " FOR UPDATE",
-										 -PRETTYINDENT_STD, PRETTYINDENT_STD, 0);
-					break;
-			}
+			appendContextKeyword(context,
+								 get_lock_clause_strength(rc->strength),
+								 -PRETTYINDENT_STD, PRETTYINDENT_STD, 0);
 
 			appendStringInfo(buf, " OF %s",
 							 quote_identifier(get_rtable_name(rc->rti,
@@ -6033,6 +6013,28 @@ get_select_query_def(Query *query, deparse_context *context)
 	}
 }
 
+static char *
+get_lock_clause_strength(LockClauseStrength strength)
+{
+	switch (strength)
+	{
+		case LCS_NONE:
+			/* we intentionally throw an error for LCS_NONE */
+			elog(ERROR, "unrecognized LockClauseStrength %d",
+				 (int) strength);
+			break;
+		case LCS_FORKEYSHARE:
+			return " FOR KEY SHARE";
+		case LCS_FORSHARE:
+			return " FOR SHARE";
+		case LCS_FORNOKEYUPDATE:
+			return " FOR NO KEY UPDATE";
+		case LCS_FORUPDATE:
+			return " FOR UPDATE";
+	}
+	return NULL;				/* keep compiler quiet */
+}
+
 /*
  * Detect whether query looks like SELECT ... FROM VALUES(),
  * with no need to rename the output columns of the VALUES RTE.
@@ -7125,7 +7127,7 @@ get_insert_query_def(Query *query, deparse_context *context)
 		{
 			appendStringInfoString(buf, " DO NOTHING");
 		}
-		else
+		else if (confl->action == ONCONFLICT_UPDATE)
 		{
 			appendStringInfoString(buf, " DO UPDATE SET ");
 			/* Deparse targetlist */
@@ -7140,6 +7142,23 @@ get_insert_query_def(Query *query, deparse_context *context)
 				get_rule_expr(confl->onConflictWhere, context, false);
 			}
 		}
+		else
+		{
+			Assert(confl->action == ONCONFLICT_SELECT);
+			appendStringInfoString(buf, " DO SELECT");
+
+			/* Add FOR [KEY] UPDATE/SHARE clause if present */
+			if (confl->lockStrength != LCS_NONE)
+				appendStringInfoString(buf, get_lock_clause_strength(confl->lockStrength));
+
+			/* Add a WHERE clause if given */
+			if (confl->onConflictWhere != NULL)
+			{
+				appendContextKeyword(context, " WHERE ",
+									 -PRETTYINDENT_STD, PRETTYINDENT_STD, 1);
+				get_rule_expr(confl->onConflictWhere, context, false);
+			}
+		}
 	}
 
 	/* Add RETURNING if present */
diff --git a/src/include/nodes/execnodes.h b/src/include/nodes/execnodes.h
index 64ff6996431..f9007ac6457 100644
--- a/src/include/nodes/execnodes.h
+++ b/src/include/nodes/execnodes.h
@@ -422,19 +422,20 @@ typedef struct JunkFilter
 } JunkFilter;
 
 /*
- * OnConflictSetState
+ * OnConflictActionState
  *
- * Executor state of an ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE operation.
+ * Executor state of an ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE/SELECT operation.
  */
-typedef struct OnConflictSetState
+typedef struct OnConflictActionState
 {
 	NodeTag		type;
 
 	TupleTableSlot *oc_Existing;	/* slot to store existing target tuple in */
 	TupleTableSlot *oc_ProjSlot;	/* CONFLICT ... SET ... projection target */
 	ProjectionInfo *oc_ProjInfo;	/* for ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE SET */
+	LockClauseStrength oc_LockStrength; /* lock strength for DO SELECT */
 	ExprState  *oc_WhereClause; /* state for the WHERE clause */
-} OnConflictSetState;
+} OnConflictActionState;
 
 /* ----------------
  *	 MergeActionState information
@@ -579,8 +580,8 @@ typedef struct ResultRelInfo
 	/* list of arbiter indexes to use to check conflicts */
 	List	   *ri_onConflictArbiterIndexes;
 
-	/* ON CONFLICT evaluation state */
-	OnConflictSetState *ri_onConflict;
+	/* ON CONFLICT evaluation state for DO UPDATE/SELECT */
+	OnConflictActionState *ri_onConflict;
 
 	/* for MERGE, lists of MergeActionState (one per MergeMatchKind) */
 	List	   *ri_MergeActions[NUM_MERGE_MATCH_KINDS];
diff --git a/src/include/nodes/lockoptions.h b/src/include/nodes/lockoptions.h
index 0b534e30603..59434fd480e 100644
--- a/src/include/nodes/lockoptions.h
+++ b/src/include/nodes/lockoptions.h
@@ -20,7 +20,8 @@
  */
 typedef enum LockClauseStrength
 {
-	LCS_NONE,					/* no such clause - only used in PlanRowMark */
+	LCS_NONE,					/* no such clause - only used in PlanRowMark
+								 * and ON CONFLICT SELECT */
 	LCS_FORKEYSHARE,			/* FOR KEY SHARE */
 	LCS_FORSHARE,				/* FOR SHARE */
 	LCS_FORNOKEYUPDATE,			/* FOR NO KEY UPDATE */
diff --git a/src/include/nodes/nodes.h b/src/include/nodes/nodes.h
index fb3957e75e5..691b5d385d6 100644
--- a/src/include/nodes/nodes.h
+++ b/src/include/nodes/nodes.h
@@ -428,6 +428,7 @@ typedef enum OnConflictAction
 	ONCONFLICT_NONE,			/* No "ON CONFLICT" clause */
 	ONCONFLICT_NOTHING,			/* ON CONFLICT ... DO NOTHING */
 	ONCONFLICT_UPDATE,			/* ON CONFLICT ... DO UPDATE */
+	ONCONFLICT_SELECT,			/* ON CONFLICT ... DO SELECT */
 } OnConflictAction;
 
 /*
diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h
index d14294a4ece..4db404f5429 100644
--- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h
+++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ typedef struct Query
 	/* OVERRIDING clause */
 	OverridingKind override pg_node_attr(query_jumble_ignore);
 
-	OnConflictExpr *onConflict; /* ON CONFLICT DO [NOTHING | UPDATE] */
+	OnConflictExpr *onConflict; /* ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING/UPDATE/SELECT */
 
 	/*
 	 * The following three fields describe the contents of the RETURNING list
@@ -1652,9 +1652,10 @@ typedef struct InferClause
 typedef struct OnConflictClause
 {
 	NodeTag		type;
-	OnConflictAction action;	/* DO NOTHING or UPDATE? */
+	OnConflictAction action;	/* DO NOTHING, SELECT, or UPDATE */
 	InferClause *infer;			/* Optional index inference clause */
-	List	   *targetList;		/* the target list (of ResTarget) */
+	LockClauseStrength lockStrength;	/* lock strength for DO SELECT */
+	List	   *targetList;		/* target list (of ResTarget) for DO UPDATE */
 	Node	   *whereClause;	/* qualifications */
 	ParseLoc	location;		/* token location, or -1 if unknown */
 } OnConflictClause;
diff --git a/src/include/nodes/plannodes.h b/src/include/nodes/plannodes.h
index c4393a94321..7b9debccb0f 100644
--- a/src/include/nodes/plannodes.h
+++ b/src/include/nodes/plannodes.h
@@ -362,11 +362,13 @@ typedef struct ModifyTable
 	OnConflictAction onConflictAction;
 	/* List of ON CONFLICT arbiter index OIDs  */
 	List	   *arbiterIndexes;
+	/* lock strength for ON CONFLICT SELECT */
+	LockClauseStrength onConflictLockStrength;
 	/* INSERT ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE targetlist */
 	List	   *onConflictSet;
 	/* target column numbers for onConflictSet */
 	List	   *onConflictCols;
-	/* WHERE for ON CONFLICT UPDATE */
+	/* WHERE for ON CONFLICT UPDATE/SELECT */
 	Node	   *onConflictWhere;
 	/* RTI of the EXCLUDED pseudo relation */
 	Index		exclRelRTI;
diff --git a/src/include/nodes/primnodes.h b/src/include/nodes/primnodes.h
index 1b4436f2ff6..34302b42205 100644
--- a/src/include/nodes/primnodes.h
+++ b/src/include/nodes/primnodes.h
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 #include "access/cmptype.h"
 #include "nodes/bitmapset.h"
 #include "nodes/pg_list.h"
+#include "nodes/lockoptions.h"
 
 
 typedef enum OverridingKind
@@ -2363,14 +2364,14 @@ typedef struct FromExpr
  *
  * The optimizer requires a list of inference elements, and optionally a WHERE
  * clause to infer a unique index.  The unique index (or, occasionally,
- * indexes) inferred are used to arbitrate whether or not the alternative ON
- * CONFLICT path is taken.
+ * indexes) inferred are used to arbitrate whether or not the alternative
+ * ON CONFLICT path is taken.
  *----------
  */
 typedef struct OnConflictExpr
 {
 	NodeTag		type;
-	OnConflictAction action;	/* DO NOTHING or UPDATE? */
+	OnConflictAction action;	/* DO NOTHING, SELECT, or UPDATE */
 
 	/* Arbiter */
 	List	   *arbiterElems;	/* unique index arbiter list (of
@@ -2378,9 +2379,14 @@ typedef struct OnConflictExpr
 	Node	   *arbiterWhere;	/* unique index arbiter WHERE clause */
 	Oid			constraint;		/* pg_constraint OID for arbiter */
 
-	/* ON CONFLICT UPDATE */
+	/* ON CONFLICT DO SELECT */
+	LockClauseStrength lockStrength;	/* strength of lock for DO SELECT */
+
+	/* ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE */
 	List	   *onConflictSet;	/* List of ON CONFLICT SET TargetEntrys */
-	Node	   *onConflictWhere;	/* qualifiers to restrict UPDATE to */
+
+	/* both ON CONFLICT DO SELECT and UPDATE */
+	Node	   *onConflictWhere;	/* qualifiers to restrict SELECT/UPDATE */
 	int			exclRelIndex;	/* RT index of 'excluded' relation */
 	List	   *exclRelTlist;	/* tlist of the EXCLUDED pseudo relation */
 } OnConflictExpr;
diff --git a/src/test/isolation/expected/insert-conflict-do-select.out b/src/test/isolation/expected/insert-conflict-do-select.out
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bccfd47dcfb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/isolation/expected/insert-conflict-do-select.out
@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+Parsed test spec with 2 sessions
+
+starting permutation: insert1 insert2 c1 select2 c2
+step insert1: INSERT INTO doselect(key, val) VALUES(1, 'insert1') ON CONFLICT (key) DO SELECT RETURNING *;
+key|val     
+---+--------
+  1|original
+(1 row)
+
+step insert2: INSERT INTO doselect(key, val) VALUES(1, 'insert2') ON CONFLICT (key) DO SELECT RETURNING *;
+key|val     
+---+--------
+  1|original
+(1 row)
+
+step c1: COMMIT;
+step select2: SELECT * FROM doselect;
+key|val     
+---+--------
+  1|original
+(1 row)
+
+step c2: COMMIT;
+
+starting permutation: insert1_update insert2_update c1 select2 c2
+step insert1_update: INSERT INTO doselect(key, val) VALUES(1, 'insert1') ON CONFLICT (key) DO SELECT FOR UPDATE RETURNING *;
+key|val     
+---+--------
+  1|original
+(1 row)
+
+step insert2_update: INSERT INTO doselect(key, val) VALUES(1, 'insert2') ON CONFLICT (key) DO SELECT FOR UPDATE RETURNING *; <waiting ...>
+step c1: COMMIT;
+step insert2_update: <... completed>
+key|val     
+---+--------
+  1|original
+(1 row)
+
+step select2: SELECT * FROM doselect;
+key|val     
+---+--------
+  1|original
+(1 row)
+
+step c2: COMMIT;
+
+starting permutation: insert1_update insert2_update a1 select2 c2
+step insert1_update: INSERT INTO doselect(key, val) VALUES(1, 'insert1') ON CONFLICT (key) DO SELECT FOR UPDATE RETURNING *;
+key|val     
+---+--------
+  1|original
+(1 row)
+
+step insert2_update: INSERT INTO doselect(key, val) VALUES(1, 'insert2') ON CONFLICT (key) DO SELECT FOR UPDATE RETURNING *; <waiting ...>
+step a1: ABORT;
+step insert2_update: <... completed>
+key|val     
+---+--------
+  1|original
+(1 row)
+
+step select2: SELECT * FROM doselect;
+key|val     
+---+--------
+  1|original
+(1 row)
+
+step c2: COMMIT;
+
+starting permutation: insert1_keyshare insert2_update c1 select2 c2
+step insert1_keyshare: INSERT INTO doselect(key, val) VALUES(1, 'insert1') ON CONFLICT (key) DO SELECT FOR KEY SHARE RETURNING *;
+key|val     
+---+--------
+  1|original
+(1 row)
+
+step insert2_update: INSERT INTO doselect(key, val) VALUES(1, 'insert2') ON CONFLICT (key) DO SELECT FOR UPDATE RETURNING *; <waiting ...>
+step c1: COMMIT;
+step insert2_update: <... completed>
+key|val     
+---+--------
+  1|original
+(1 row)
+
+step select2: SELECT * FROM doselect;
+key|val     
+---+--------
+  1|original
+(1 row)
+
+step c2: COMMIT;
+
+starting permutation: insert1_share insert2_update c1 select2 c2
+step insert1_share: INSERT INTO doselect(key, val) VALUES(1, 'insert1') ON CONFLICT (key) DO SELECT FOR SHARE RETURNING *;
+key|val     
+---+--------
+  1|original
+(1 row)
+
+step insert2_update: INSERT INTO doselect(key, val) VALUES(1, 'insert2') ON CONFLICT (key) DO SELECT FOR UPDATE RETURNING *; <waiting ...>
+step c1: COMMIT;
+step insert2_update: <... completed>
+key|val     
+---+--------
+  1|original
+(1 row)
+
+step select2: SELECT * FROM doselect;
+key|val     
+---+--------
+  1|original
+(1 row)
+
+step c2: COMMIT;
+
+starting permutation: insert1_nokeyupd insert2_update c1 select2 c2
+step insert1_nokeyupd: INSERT INTO doselect(key, val) VALUES(1, 'insert1') ON CONFLICT (key) DO SELECT FOR NO KEY UPDATE RETURNING *;
+key|val     
+---+--------
+  1|original
+(1 row)
+
+step insert2_update: INSERT INTO doselect(key, val) VALUES(1, 'insert2') ON CONFLICT (key) DO SELECT FOR UPDATE RETURNING *; <waiting ...>
+step c1: COMMIT;
+step insert2_update: <... completed>
+key|val     
+---+--------
+  1|original
+(1 row)
+
+step select2: SELECT * FROM doselect;
+key|val     
+---+--------
+  1|original
+(1 row)
+
+step c2: COMMIT;
diff --git a/src/test/isolation/isolation_schedule b/src/test/isolation/isolation_schedule
index 112f05a3677..a4711b83517 100644
--- a/src/test/isolation/isolation_schedule
+++ b/src/test/isolation/isolation_schedule
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ test: insert-conflict-do-update
 test: insert-conflict-do-update-2
 test: insert-conflict-do-update-3
 test: insert-conflict-specconflict
+test: insert-conflict-do-select
 test: merge-insert-update
 test: merge-delete
 test: merge-update
diff --git a/src/test/isolation/specs/insert-conflict-do-select.spec b/src/test/isolation/specs/insert-conflict-do-select.spec
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..dcfd9f8cb53
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/isolation/specs/insert-conflict-do-select.spec
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+# INSERT...ON CONFLICT DO SELECT test
+#
+# This test verifies locking behavior of ON CONFLICT DO SELECT with different
+# lock strengths: no lock, FOR KEY SHARE, FOR SHARE, FOR NO KEY UPDATE, and
+# FOR UPDATE.
+
+setup
+{
+  CREATE TABLE doselect (key int primary key, val text);
+  INSERT INTO doselect VALUES (1, 'original');
+}
+
+teardown
+{
+  DROP TABLE doselect;
+}
+
+session s1
+setup
+{
+  BEGIN ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED;
+}
+step insert1 { INSERT INTO doselect(key, val) VALUES(1, 'insert1') ON CONFLICT (key) DO SELECT RETURNING *; }
+step insert1_keyshare { INSERT INTO doselect(key, val) VALUES(1, 'insert1') ON CONFLICT (key) DO SELECT FOR KEY SHARE RETURNING *; }
+step insert1_share { INSERT INTO doselect(key, val) VALUES(1, 'insert1') ON CONFLICT (key) DO SELECT FOR SHARE RETURNING *; }
+step insert1_nokeyupd { INSERT INTO doselect(key, val) VALUES(1, 'insert1') ON CONFLICT (key) DO SELECT FOR NO KEY UPDATE RETURNING *; }
+step insert1_update { INSERT INTO doselect(key, val) VALUES(1, 'insert1') ON CONFLICT (key) DO SELECT FOR UPDATE RETURNING *; }
+step c1 { COMMIT; }
+step a1 { ABORT; }
+
+session s2
+setup
+{
+  BEGIN ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED;
+}
+step insert2 { INSERT INTO doselect(key, val) VALUES(1, 'insert2') ON CONFLICT (key) DO SELECT RETURNING *; }
+step insert2_update { INSERT INTO doselect(key, val) VALUES(1, 'insert2') ON CONFLICT (key) DO SELECT FOR UPDATE RETURNING *; }
+step select2 { SELECT * FROM doselect; }
+step c2 { COMMIT; }
+
+# Test 1: DO SELECT without locking - should not block
+permutation insert1 insert2 c1 select2 c2
+
+# Test 2: DO SELECT FOR UPDATE - should block until first transaction commits
+permutation insert1_update insert2_update c1 select2 c2
+
+# Test 3: DO SELECT FOR UPDATE - should unblock when first transaction aborts
+permutation insert1_update insert2_update a1 select2 c2
+
+# Test 4: Different lock strengths all properly acquire locks
+permutation insert1_keyshare insert2_update c1 select2 c2
+permutation insert1_share insert2_update c1 select2 c2
+permutation insert1_nokeyupd insert2_update c1 select2 c2
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/constraints.out b/src/test/regress/expected/constraints.out
index 1bbf59cca02..8bc1f0cd5ab 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/expected/constraints.out
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/constraints.out
@@ -776,10 +776,16 @@ DETAIL:  Key (c1, (c2::circle))=(<(20,20),10>, <(0,0),4>) conflicts with existin
 -- succeed, because violation is ignored
 INSERT INTO circles VALUES('<(20,20), 10>', '<(0,0), 4>')
   ON CONFLICT ON CONSTRAINT circles_c1_c2_excl DO NOTHING;
--- fail, because DO UPDATE variant requires unique index
+-- fail, because DO UPDATE variant requires unique index.
+-- (without a unique index, we can't know which row to update)
 INSERT INTO circles VALUES('<(20,20), 10>', '<(0,0), 4>')
   ON CONFLICT ON CONSTRAINT circles_c1_c2_excl DO UPDATE SET c2 = EXCLUDED.c2;
 ERROR:  ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE not supported with exclusion constraints
+-- fail, just like DO UPDATE.
+-- otherwise, we could return multiple rows which seems odd, if not exactly wrong
+INSERT INTO circles VALUES('<(20,20), 10>', '<(0,0), 4>')
+  ON CONFLICT ON CONSTRAINT circles_c1_c2_excl DO SELECT RETURNING *;
+ERROR:  ON CONFLICT DO SELECT not supported with exclusion constraints
 -- succeed because c1 doesn't overlap
 INSERT INTO circles VALUES('<(20,20), 1>', '<(0,0), 5>');
 -- succeed because c2 doesn't overlap
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/insert_conflict.out b/src/test/regress/expected/insert_conflict.out
index db668474684..839e33883a0 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/expected/insert_conflict.out
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/insert_conflict.out
@@ -249,6 +249,169 @@ insert into insertconflicttest values (2, 'Orange') on conflict (key, key, key)
 insert into insertconflicttest
 values (1, 'Apple'), (2, 'Orange')
 on conflict (key) do update set (fruit, key) = (excluded.fruit, excluded.key);
+----- INSERT ON CONFLICT DO SELECT PERMISSION TESTS ---
+create table conflictselect_perv(key int4, fruit text);
+create unique index x_idx on conflictselect_perv(key);
+create role regress_conflict_alice;
+grant all on schema public to regress_conflict_alice;
+grant insert on conflictselect_perv to regress_conflict_alice;
+grant select(key) on conflictselect_perv to regress_conflict_alice;
+set role regress_conflict_alice;
+insert into conflictselect_perv as i values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do select where i.key = 1 returning 1; --ok
+ ?column? 
+----------
+        1
+(1 row)
+
+insert into conflictselect_perv as i values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do select where i.fruit = 'Apple' returning 1; --fail
+ERROR:  permission denied for table conflictselect_perv
+reset role;
+grant select(fruit) on conflictselect_perv to regress_conflict_alice;
+set role regress_conflict_alice;
+insert into conflictselect_perv as i values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do select where i.fruit = 'Apple' returning 1; --ok
+ ?column? 
+----------
+        1
+(1 row)
+
+insert into conflictselect_perv as i values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do select for update where i.fruit = 'Apple' returning 1; --fail
+ERROR:  permission denied for table conflictselect_perv
+insert into conflictselect_perv as i values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do select for no key update where i.fruit = 'Apple' returning 1; --fail
+ERROR:  permission denied for table conflictselect_perv
+insert into conflictselect_perv as i values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do select for share where i.fruit = 'Apple' returning 1; --fail
+ERROR:  permission denied for table conflictselect_perv
+insert into conflictselect_perv as i values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do select for key share where i.fruit = 'Apple' returning 1; --fail
+ERROR:  permission denied for table conflictselect_perv
+reset role;
+grant update (fruit) on conflictselect_perv to regress_conflict_alice;
+set role regress_conflict_alice;
+insert into conflictselect_perv as i values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do select for update where i.fruit = 'Apple' returning *;
+ key | fruit 
+-----+-------
+   1 | Apple
+(1 row)
+
+insert into conflictselect_perv as i values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do select for no key update where i.fruit = 'Apple' returning *;
+ key | fruit 
+-----+-------
+   1 | Apple
+(1 row)
+
+insert into conflictselect_perv as i values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do select for share where i.fruit = 'Apple' returning *;
+ key | fruit 
+-----+-------
+   1 | Apple
+(1 row)
+
+insert into conflictselect_perv as i values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do select for key share where i.fruit = 'Apple' returning *;
+ key | fruit 
+-----+-------
+   1 | Apple
+(1 row)
+
+reset role;
+drop table conflictselect_perv;
+revoke all on schema public from regress_conflict_alice;
+drop role regress_conflict_alice;
+------- END OF PERMISSION TESTS ------------
+-- DO SELECT
+delete from insertconflicttest where fruit = 'Apple';
+insert into insertconflicttest values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do select; -- fails
+ERROR:  ON CONFLICT DO SELECT requires a RETURNING clause
+LINE 1: ...nsert into insertconflicttest values (1, 'Apple') on conflic...
+                                                             ^
+insert into insertconflicttest values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do select returning *;
+ key | fruit 
+-----+-------
+   1 | Apple
+(1 row)
+
+insert into insertconflicttest values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do select returning *;
+ key | fruit 
+-----+-------
+   1 | Apple
+(1 row)
+
+insert into insertconflicttest as i values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do select where i.fruit = 'Apple' returning *;
+ key | fruit 
+-----+-------
+   1 | Apple
+(1 row)
+
+insert into insertconflicttest as i values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do select where i.fruit = 'Orange' returning *;
+ key | fruit 
+-----+-------
+(0 rows)
+
+insert into insertconflicttest as i values (1, 'Orange') on conflict (key) do select where excluded.fruit = 'Apple' returning *;
+ key | fruit 
+-----+-------
+(0 rows)
+
+insert into insertconflicttest as i values (1, 'Orange') on conflict (key) do select where excluded.fruit = 'Orange' returning *;
+ key | fruit 
+-----+-------
+   1 | Apple
+(1 row)
+
+delete from insertconflicttest where fruit = 'Apple';
+insert into insertconflicttest values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do select for update returning *;
+ key | fruit 
+-----+-------
+   1 | Apple
+(1 row)
+
+insert into insertconflicttest values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do select for update returning *;
+ key | fruit 
+-----+-------
+   1 | Apple
+(1 row)
+
+insert into insertconflicttest as i values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do select for update where i.fruit = 'Apple' returning *;
+ key | fruit 
+-----+-------
+   1 | Apple
+(1 row)
+
+insert into insertconflicttest as i values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do select for update where i.fruit = 'Orange' returning *;
+ key | fruit 
+-----+-------
+(0 rows)
+
+insert into insertconflicttest as i values (1, 'Orange') on conflict (key) do select for update where excluded.fruit = 'Apple' returning *;
+ key | fruit 
+-----+-------
+(0 rows)
+
+insert into insertconflicttest as i values (1, 'Orange') on conflict (key) do select for update where excluded.fruit = 'Orange' returning *;
+ key | fruit 
+-----+-------
+   1 | Apple
+(1 row)
+
+insert into insertconflicttest as ict values (3, 'Pear') on conflict (key) do select for update returning old.*, new.*, ict.*;
+ key | fruit | key | fruit | key | fruit 
+-----+-------+-----+-------+-----+-------
+     |       |   3 | Pear  |   3 | Pear
+(1 row)
+
+insert into insertconflicttest as ict values (3, 'Banana') on conflict (key) do select for update returning old.*, new.*, ict.*;
+ key | fruit | key | fruit | key | fruit 
+-----+-------+-----+-------+-----+-------
+   3 | Pear  |   3 | Pear  |   3 | Pear
+(1 row)
+
+explain (costs off) insert into insertconflicttest values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do select for key share returning *;
+                 QUERY PLAN                  
+---------------------------------------------
+ Insert on insertconflicttest
+   Conflict Resolution: SELECT FOR KEY SHARE
+   Conflict Arbiter Indexes: key_index
+   ->  Result
+(4 rows)
+
+truncate insertconflicttest;
+insert into insertconflicttest values (1, 'Apple'), (2, 'Orange');
 -- Give good diagnostic message when EXCLUDED.* spuriously referenced from
 -- RETURNING:
 insert into insertconflicttest values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do update set fruit = excluded.fruit RETURNING excluded.fruit;
@@ -735,13 +898,58 @@ insert into selfconflict values (6,1), (6,2) on conflict(f1) do update set f2 =
 ERROR:  ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE command cannot affect row a second time
 HINT:  Ensure that no rows proposed for insertion within the same command have duplicate constrained values.
 commit;
+begin transaction isolation level read committed;
+insert into selfconflict values (7,1), (7,2) on conflict(f1) do select returning *;
+ f1 | f2 
+----+----
+  7 |  1
+  7 |  1
+(2 rows)
+
+commit;
+begin transaction isolation level repeatable read;
+insert into selfconflict values (8,1), (8,2) on conflict(f1) do select returning *;
+ f1 | f2 
+----+----
+  8 |  1
+  8 |  1
+(2 rows)
+
+commit;
+begin transaction isolation level serializable;
+insert into selfconflict values (9,1), (9,2) on conflict(f1) do select returning *;
+ f1 | f2 
+----+----
+  9 |  1
+  9 |  1
+(2 rows)
+
+commit;
+begin transaction isolation level read committed;
+insert into selfconflict values (10,1), (10,2) on conflict(f1) do select for update returning *;
+ERROR:  ON CONFLICT DO SELECT command cannot affect row a second time
+HINT:  Ensure that no rows proposed for insertion within the same command have duplicate constrained values.
+commit;
+begin transaction isolation level repeatable read;
+insert into selfconflict values (11,1), (11,2) on conflict(f1) do select for update returning *;
+ERROR:  ON CONFLICT DO SELECT command cannot affect row a second time
+HINT:  Ensure that no rows proposed for insertion within the same command have duplicate constrained values.
+commit;
+begin transaction isolation level serializable;
+insert into selfconflict values (12,1), (12,2) on conflict(f1) do select for update returning *;
+ERROR:  ON CONFLICT DO SELECT command cannot affect row a second time
+HINT:  Ensure that no rows proposed for insertion within the same command have duplicate constrained values.
+commit;
 select * from selfconflict;
  f1 | f2 
 ----+----
   1 |  1
   2 |  1
   3 |  1
-(3 rows)
+  7 |  1
+  8 |  1
+  9 |  1
+(6 rows)
 
 drop table selfconflict;
 -- check ON CONFLICT handling with partitioned tables
@@ -752,11 +960,31 @@ insert into parted_conflict_test values (1, 'a') on conflict do nothing;
 -- index on a required, which does exist in parent
 insert into parted_conflict_test values (1, 'a') on conflict (a) do nothing;
 insert into parted_conflict_test values (1, 'a') on conflict (a) do update set b = excluded.b;
+insert into parted_conflict_test values (1, 'a') on conflict (a) do select returning *;
+ a | b 
+---+---
+ 1 | a
+(1 row)
+
+insert into parted_conflict_test values (1, 'a') on conflict (a) do select for update returning *;
+ a | b 
+---+---
+ 1 | a
+(1 row)
+
 -- targeting partition directly will work
 insert into parted_conflict_test_1 values (1, 'a') on conflict (a) do nothing;
 insert into parted_conflict_test_1 values (1, 'b') on conflict (a) do update set b = excluded.b;
+insert into parted_conflict_test_1 values (1, 'b') on conflict (a) do select returning b;
+ b 
+---
+ b
+(1 row)
+
 -- index on b required, which doesn't exist in parent
-insert into parted_conflict_test values (2, 'b') on conflict (b) do update set a = excluded.a;
+insert into parted_conflict_test values (2, 'b') on conflict (b) do update set a = excluded.a; -- fail
+ERROR:  there is no unique or exclusion constraint matching the ON CONFLICT specification
+insert into parted_conflict_test values (2, 'b') on conflict (b) do select returning b; -- fail
 ERROR:  there is no unique or exclusion constraint matching the ON CONFLICT specification
 -- targeting partition directly will work
 insert into parted_conflict_test_1 values (2, 'b') on conflict (b) do update set a = excluded.a;
@@ -767,13 +995,31 @@ select * from parted_conflict_test order by a;
  2 | b
 (1 row)
 
--- now check that DO UPDATE works correctly for target partition with
+-- now check that DO UPDATE/SELECT works correctly for target partition with
 -- different attribute numbers
 create table parted_conflict_test_2 (b char, a int unique);
 alter table parted_conflict_test attach partition parted_conflict_test_2 for values in (3);
 truncate parted_conflict_test;
 insert into parted_conflict_test values (3, 'a') on conflict (a) do update set b = excluded.b;
 insert into parted_conflict_test values (3, 'b') on conflict (a) do update set b = excluded.b;
+insert into parted_conflict_test values (3, 'a') on conflict (a) do select returning b;
+ b 
+---
+ b
+(1 row)
+
+insert into parted_conflict_test values (3, 'a') on conflict (a) do select where excluded.b = 'a' returning parted_conflict_test;
+ parted_conflict_test 
+----------------------
+ (3,b)
+(1 row)
+
+insert into parted_conflict_test values (3, 'a') on conflict (a) do select where parted_conflict_test.b = 'b' returning b;
+ b 
+---
+ b
+(1 row)
+
 -- should see (3, 'b')
 select * from parted_conflict_test order by a;
  a | b 
@@ -787,6 +1033,12 @@ create table parted_conflict_test_3 partition of parted_conflict_test for values
 truncate parted_conflict_test;
 insert into parted_conflict_test (a, b) values (4, 'a') on conflict (a) do update set b = excluded.b;
 insert into parted_conflict_test (a, b) values (4, 'b') on conflict (a) do update set b = excluded.b where parted_conflict_test.b = 'a';
+insert into parted_conflict_test (a, b) values (4, 'b') on conflict (a) do select returning b;
+ b 
+---
+ b
+(1 row)
+
 -- should see (4, 'b')
 select * from parted_conflict_test order by a;
  a | b 
@@ -800,6 +1052,11 @@ create table parted_conflict_test_4_1 partition of parted_conflict_test_4 for va
 truncate parted_conflict_test;
 insert into parted_conflict_test (a, b) values (5, 'a') on conflict (a) do update set b = excluded.b;
 insert into parted_conflict_test (a, b) values (5, 'b') on conflict (a) do update set b = excluded.b where parted_conflict_test.b = 'a';
+insert into parted_conflict_test (a, b) values (5, 'b') on conflict (a) do select where parted_conflict_test.b = 'a' returning b;
+ b 
+---
+(0 rows)
+
 -- should see (5, 'b')
 select * from parted_conflict_test order by a;
  a | b 
@@ -820,6 +1077,58 @@ select * from parted_conflict_test order by a;
  4 | b
 (3 rows)
 
+-- test DO SELECT with multiple rows hitting different partitions
+truncate parted_conflict_test;
+insert into parted_conflict_test (a, b) values (1, 'a'), (2, 'b'), (4, 'c');
+insert into parted_conflict_test (a, b) values (1, 'x'), (2, 'y'), (4, 'z') on conflict (a) do select returning *;
+ a | b 
+---+---
+ 1 | a
+ 2 | b
+ 4 | c
+(3 rows)
+
+-- should see original values (1, 'a'), (2, 'b'), (4, 'c')
+select * from parted_conflict_test order by a;
+ a | b 
+---+---
+ 1 | a
+ 2 | b
+ 4 | c
+(3 rows)
+
+-- test DO SELECT with WHERE filtering across partitions
+insert into parted_conflict_test (a, b) values (1, 'n') on conflict (a) do select where parted_conflict_test.b = 'a' returning *;
+ a | b 
+---+---
+ 1 | a
+(1 row)
+
+insert into parted_conflict_test (a, b) values (2, 'n') on conflict (a) do select where parted_conflict_test.b = 'x' returning *;
+ a | b 
+---+---
+(0 rows)
+
+-- test DO SELECT with EXCLUDED in WHERE across partitions with different layouts
+insert into parted_conflict_test (a, b) values (3, 't') on conflict (a) do select where excluded.b = 't' returning *;
+ a | b 
+---+---
+ 3 | t
+(1 row)
+
+-- test DO SELECT FOR UPDATE across different partition layouts
+insert into parted_conflict_test (a, b) values (1, 'l') on conflict (a) do select for update returning *;
+ a | b 
+---+---
+ 1 | a
+(1 row)
+
+insert into parted_conflict_test (a, b) values (3, 'l') on conflict (a) do select for update returning *;
+ a | b 
+---+---
+ 3 | t
+(1 row)
+
 drop table parted_conflict_test;
 -- test behavior of inserting a conflicting tuple into an intermediate
 -- partitioning level
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/rowsecurity.out b/src/test/regress/expected/rowsecurity.out
index c958ef4d70a..e45031f7391 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/expected/rowsecurity.out
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/rowsecurity.out
@@ -217,6 +217,48 @@ NOTICE:  SELECT USING on rls_test_tgt.(3,"tgt d","TGT D")
  3 | tgt d | TGT D
 (1 row)
 
+ROLLBACK;
+-- ON CONFLICT DO SELECT should be similar to DO UPDATE, except there
+-- is not need to check the UPDATE policy in that case.
+BEGIN;
+INSERT INTO rls_test_tgt VALUES (4, 'tgt a') ON CONFLICT (a) DO SELECT RETURNING *;
+NOTICE:  INSERT CHECK on rls_test_tgt.(4,"tgt a","TGT A")
+NOTICE:  SELECT USING on rls_test_tgt.(4,"tgt a","TGT A")
+ a |   b   |   c   
+---+-------+-------
+ 4 | tgt a | TGT A
+(1 row)
+
+INSERT INTO rls_test_tgt VALUES (4, 'tgt a') ON CONFLICT (a) DO SELECT RETURNING *;
+NOTICE:  INSERT CHECK on rls_test_tgt.(4,"tgt a","TGT A")
+NOTICE:  SELECT USING on rls_test_tgt.(4,"tgt a","TGT A")
+NOTICE:  SELECT USING on rls_test_tgt.(4,"tgt a","TGT A")
+ a |   b   |   c   
+---+-------+-------
+ 4 | tgt a | TGT A
+(1 row)
+
+ROLLBACK;
+-- ON CONFLICT DO SELECT FOR UPDATE should have the exact same RLS behaviour as DO UPDATE
+BEGIN;
+INSERT INTO rls_test_tgt VALUES (5, 'tgt a') ON CONFLICT (a) DO SELECT FOR UPDATE RETURNING *;
+NOTICE:  INSERT CHECK on rls_test_tgt.(5,"tgt a","TGT A")
+NOTICE:  SELECT USING on rls_test_tgt.(5,"tgt a","TGT A")
+ a |   b   |   c   
+---+-------+-------
+ 5 | tgt a | TGT A
+(1 row)
+
+INSERT INTO rls_test_tgt VALUES (5, 'tgt c') ON CONFLICT (a) DO SELECT FOR UPDATE RETURNING *;
+NOTICE:  INSERT CHECK on rls_test_tgt.(5,"tgt c","TGT C")
+NOTICE:  SELECT USING on rls_test_tgt.(5,"tgt c","TGT C")
+NOTICE:  UPDATE USING on rls_test_tgt.(5,"tgt a","TGT A")
+NOTICE:  SELECT USING on rls_test_tgt.(5,"tgt a","TGT A")
+ a |   b   |   c   
+---+-------+-------
+ 5 | tgt a | TGT A
+(1 row)
+
 ROLLBACK;
 -- MERGE should always apply SELECT USING policy clauses to both source and
 -- target rows
@@ -2394,10 +2436,58 @@ INSERT INTO document VALUES (1, (SELECT cid from category WHERE cname = 'novel')
     ON CONFLICT (did) DO UPDATE SET dauthor = 'regress_rls_carol';
 ERROR:  new row violates row-level security policy for table "document"
 --
+-- INSERT ... ON CONFLICT DO SELECT and Row-level security
+--
+SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION regress_rls_alice;
+DROP POLICY p3_with_all ON document;
+CREATE POLICY p1_select_novels ON document FOR SELECT
+  USING (cid = (SELECT cid from category WHERE cname = 'novel'));
+CREATE POLICY p2_insert_own ON document FOR INSERT
+  WITH CHECK (dauthor = current_user);
+CREATE POLICY p3_update_novels ON document FOR UPDATE
+  USING (cid = (SELECT cid from category WHERE cname = 'novel'))
+  WITH CHECK (dauthor = current_user);
+SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION regress_rls_bob;
+-- DO SELECT requires SELECT rights, should succeed for novel
+INSERT INTO document VALUES (1, (SELECT cid from category WHERE cname = 'novel'), 1, 'regress_rls_bob', 'another novel')
+    ON CONFLICT (did) DO SELECT RETURNING did, dauthor, dtitle;
+ did |     dauthor     |     dtitle     
+-----+-----------------+----------------
+   1 | regress_rls_bob | my first novel
+(1 row)
+
+-- DO SELECT requires SELECT rights, should fail for non-novel
+INSERT INTO document VALUES (33, (SELECT cid from category WHERE cname = 'science fiction'), 1, 'regress_rls_bob', 'another sci-fi')
+    ON CONFLICT (did) DO SELECT RETURNING did, dauthor, dtitle;
+ERROR:  new row violates row-level security policy for table "document"
+-- DO SELECT with WHERE and EXCLUDED reference
+INSERT INTO document VALUES (1, (SELECT cid from category WHERE cname = 'novel'), 1, 'regress_rls_bob', 'another novel')
+    ON CONFLICT (did) DO SELECT WHERE excluded.dlevel = 1 RETURNING did, dauthor, dtitle;
+ did |     dauthor     |     dtitle     
+-----+-----------------+----------------
+   1 | regress_rls_bob | my first novel
+(1 row)
+
+-- DO SELECT FOR UPDATE requires both SELECT and UPDATE rights, should succeed for novel
+INSERT INTO document VALUES (1, (SELECT cid from category WHERE cname = 'novel'), 1, 'regress_rls_bob', 'another novel')
+    ON CONFLICT (did) DO SELECT FOR UPDATE RETURNING did, dauthor, dtitle;
+ did |     dauthor     |     dtitle     
+-----+-----------------+----------------
+   1 | regress_rls_bob | my first novel
+(1 row)
+
+-- DO SELECT FOR UPDATE requires UPDATE rights, should fail for non-novel
+INSERT INTO document VALUES (33, (SELECT cid from category WHERE cname = 'science fiction'), 1, 'regress_rls_bob', 'another sci-fi')
+    ON CONFLICT (did) DO SELECT FOR UPDATE RETURNING did, dauthor, dtitle;
+ERROR:  new row violates row-level security policy for table "document"
+SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION regress_rls_alice;
+DROP POLICY p1_select_novels ON document;
+DROP POLICY p2_insert_own ON document;
+DROP POLICY p3_update_novels ON document;
+--
 -- MERGE
 --
 RESET SESSION AUTHORIZATION;
-DROP POLICY p3_with_all ON document;
 ALTER TABLE document ADD COLUMN dnotes text DEFAULT '';
 -- all documents are readable
 CREATE POLICY p1 ON document FOR SELECT USING (true);
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/rules.out b/src/test/regress/expected/rules.out
index 94e45dd4d57..444ff04ccb8 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/expected/rules.out
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/rules.out
@@ -3565,6 +3565,61 @@ SELECT * FROM hat_data WHERE hat_name IN ('h8', 'h9', 'h7') ORDER BY hat_name;
 (3 rows)
 
 DROP RULE hat_upsert ON hats;
+-- DO SELECT with a WHERE clause
+CREATE RULE hat_confsel AS ON INSERT TO hats
+    DO INSTEAD
+    INSERT INTO hat_data VALUES (
+           NEW.hat_name,
+           NEW.hat_color)
+        ON CONFLICT (hat_name)
+        DO SELECT FOR UPDATE
+           WHERE excluded.hat_color <>  'forbidden' AND hat_data.* != excluded.*
+        RETURNING *;
+SELECT definition FROM pg_rules WHERE tablename = 'hats' ORDER BY rulename;
+                                      definition                                      
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ CREATE RULE hat_confsel AS                                                          +
+     ON INSERT TO public.hats DO INSTEAD  INSERT INTO hat_data (hat_name, hat_color) +
+   VALUES (new.hat_name, new.hat_color) ON CONFLICT(hat_name) DO SELECT FOR UPDATE   +
+   WHERE ((excluded.hat_color <> 'forbidden'::bpchar) AND (hat_data.* <> excluded.*))+
+   RETURNING hat_data.hat_name,                                                      +
+     hat_data.hat_color;
+(1 row)
+
+-- fails without RETURNING
+INSERT INTO hats VALUES ('h7', 'blue');
+ERROR:  ON CONFLICT DO SELECT requires a RETURNING clause
+DETAIL:  A rule action is INSERT ... ON CONFLICT DO SELECT, which requires a RETURNING clause.
+-- works (returns conflicts)
+EXPLAIN (costs off)
+INSERT INTO hats VALUES ('h7', 'blue') RETURNING *;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Insert on hat_data
+   Conflict Resolution: SELECT FOR UPDATE
+   Conflict Arbiter Indexes: hat_data_unique_idx
+   Conflict Filter: ((excluded.hat_color <> 'forbidden'::bpchar) AND (hat_data.* <> excluded.*))
+   ->  Result
+(5 rows)
+
+INSERT INTO hats VALUES ('h7', 'blue') RETURNING *;
+  hat_name  | hat_color  
+------------+------------
+ h7         | black     
+(1 row)
+
+-- conflicts excluded by WHERE clause
+INSERT INTO hats VALUES ('h7', 'forbidden') RETURNING *;
+ hat_name | hat_color 
+----------+-----------
+(0 rows)
+
+INSERT INTO hats VALUES ('h7', 'black') RETURNING *;
+ hat_name | hat_color 
+----------+-----------
+(0 rows)
+
+DROP RULE hat_confsel ON hats;
 drop table hats;
 drop table hat_data;
 -- test for pg_get_functiondef properly regurgitating SET parameters
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/triggers.out b/src/test/regress/expected/triggers.out
index 1eb8fba0953..98e56ecaef8 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/expected/triggers.out
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/triggers.out
@@ -1745,6 +1745,19 @@ insert into upsert values(8, 'yellow') on conflict (key) do update set color = '
 WARNING:  before insert (new): (8,yellow)
 WARNING:  before insert (new, modified): (9,"yellow trig modified")
 WARNING:  after insert (new): (9,"yellow trig modified")
+insert into upsert values(3, 'orange') on conflict (key) do select for update returning old.*, new.*, upsert.*;
+WARNING:  before insert (new): (3,orange)
+ key |           color           | key |           color           | key |           color           
+-----+---------------------------+-----+---------------------------+-----+---------------------------
+   3 | updated red trig modified |   3 | updated red trig modified |   3 | updated red trig modified
+(1 row)
+
+insert into upsert values(3, 'orange') on conflict (key) do select for update where upsert.key = 4 returning old.*, new.*, upsert.*;
+WARNING:  before insert (new): (3,orange)
+ key | color | key | color | key | color 
+-----+-------+-----+-------+-----+-------
+(0 rows)
+
 select * from upsert;
  key |            color            
 -----+-----------------------------
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/updatable_views.out b/src/test/regress/expected/updatable_views.out
index 03df7e75b7b..a3c811effc8 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/expected/updatable_views.out
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/updatable_views.out
@@ -316,6 +316,37 @@ SELECT * FROM rw_view15;
   3 | UNSPECIFIED
 (6 rows)
 
+-- Test ON CONFLICT DO SELECT with updatable views
+-- This tests behavior consistency between DO SELECT and DO UPDATE when using WHERE clauses
+-- Note: rw_view15 is defined as "SELECT a, upper(b) FROM base_tbl" where base_tbl.b has DEFAULT 'Unspecified'
+INSERT INTO rw_view15 (a) VALUES (3) ON CONFLICT (a) DO SELECT RETURNING *; -- needs RETURNING, should return existing row
+ a |    upper    
+---+-------------
+ 3 | UNSPECIFIED
+(1 row)
+
+INSERT INTO rw_view15 (a) VALUES (3) ON CONFLICT (a) DO SELECT WHERE excluded.upper = 'UNSPECIFIED' RETURNING *; -- WHERE on view column (uppercase)
+ a |    upper    
+---+-------------
+ 3 | UNSPECIFIED
+(1 row)
+
+INSERT INTO rw_view15 (a) VALUES (3) ON CONFLICT (a) DO UPDATE SET a = excluded.a WHERE excluded.upper = 'UNSPECIFIED' RETURNING *; -- compare DO UPDATE with same WHERE
+ a |    upper    
+---+-------------
+ 3 | UNSPECIFIED
+(1 row)
+
+INSERT INTO rw_view15 (a) VALUES (3) ON CONFLICT (a) DO SELECT WHERE excluded.upper = 'Unspecified' RETURNING *; -- WHERE on excluded value (mixed case)
+ a | upper 
+---+-------
+(0 rows)
+
+INSERT INTO rw_view15 (a) VALUES (3) ON CONFLICT (a) DO UPDATE SET a = excluded.a WHERE excluded.upper = 'Unspecified' RETURNING *; -- compare DO UPDATE with same WHERE
+ a | upper 
+---+-------
+(0 rows)
+
 SELECT * FROM rw_view15;
  a  |    upper    
 ----+-------------
diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/constraints.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/constraints.sql
index 733a1dbccfe..b093e92850f 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/sql/constraints.sql
+++ b/src/test/regress/sql/constraints.sql
@@ -565,9 +565,14 @@ INSERT INTO circles VALUES('<(20,20), 10>', '<(0,0), 4>');
 -- succeed, because violation is ignored
 INSERT INTO circles VALUES('<(20,20), 10>', '<(0,0), 4>')
   ON CONFLICT ON CONSTRAINT circles_c1_c2_excl DO NOTHING;
--- fail, because DO UPDATE variant requires unique index
+-- fail, because DO UPDATE variant requires unique index.
+-- (without a unique index, we can't know which row to update)
 INSERT INTO circles VALUES('<(20,20), 10>', '<(0,0), 4>')
   ON CONFLICT ON CONSTRAINT circles_c1_c2_excl DO UPDATE SET c2 = EXCLUDED.c2;
+-- fail, just like DO UPDATE.
+-- otherwise, we could return multiple rows which seems odd, if not exactly wrong
+INSERT INTO circles VALUES('<(20,20), 10>', '<(0,0), 4>')
+  ON CONFLICT ON CONSTRAINT circles_c1_c2_excl DO SELECT RETURNING *;
 -- succeed because c1 doesn't overlap
 INSERT INTO circles VALUES('<(20,20), 1>', '<(0,0), 5>');
 -- succeed because c2 doesn't overlap
diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/insert_conflict.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/insert_conflict.sql
index 549c46452ec..8f856cdb245 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/sql/insert_conflict.sql
+++ b/src/test/regress/sql/insert_conflict.sql
@@ -101,6 +101,65 @@ insert into insertconflicttest
 values (1, 'Apple'), (2, 'Orange')
 on conflict (key) do update set (fruit, key) = (excluded.fruit, excluded.key);
 
+----- INSERT ON CONFLICT DO SELECT PERMISSION TESTS ---
+create table conflictselect_perv(key int4, fruit text);
+create unique index x_idx on conflictselect_perv(key);
+create role regress_conflict_alice;
+grant all on schema public to regress_conflict_alice;
+grant insert on conflictselect_perv to regress_conflict_alice;
+grant select(key) on conflictselect_perv to regress_conflict_alice;
+
+set role regress_conflict_alice;
+insert into conflictselect_perv as i values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do select where i.key = 1 returning 1; --ok
+insert into conflictselect_perv as i values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do select where i.fruit = 'Apple' returning 1; --fail
+
+reset role;
+grant select(fruit) on conflictselect_perv to regress_conflict_alice;
+set role regress_conflict_alice;
+insert into conflictselect_perv as i values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do select where i.fruit = 'Apple' returning 1; --ok
+insert into conflictselect_perv as i values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do select for update where i.fruit = 'Apple' returning 1; --fail
+insert into conflictselect_perv as i values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do select for no key update where i.fruit = 'Apple' returning 1; --fail
+insert into conflictselect_perv as i values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do select for share where i.fruit = 'Apple' returning 1; --fail
+insert into conflictselect_perv as i values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do select for key share where i.fruit = 'Apple' returning 1; --fail
+
+reset role;
+grant update (fruit) on conflictselect_perv to regress_conflict_alice;
+set role regress_conflict_alice;
+insert into conflictselect_perv as i values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do select for update where i.fruit = 'Apple' returning *;
+insert into conflictselect_perv as i values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do select for no key update where i.fruit = 'Apple' returning *;
+insert into conflictselect_perv as i values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do select for share where i.fruit = 'Apple' returning *;
+insert into conflictselect_perv as i values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do select for key share where i.fruit = 'Apple' returning *;
+
+reset role;
+drop table conflictselect_perv;
+revoke all on schema public from regress_conflict_alice;
+drop role regress_conflict_alice;
+------- END OF PERMISSION TESTS ------------
+
+-- DO SELECT
+delete from insertconflicttest where fruit = 'Apple';
+insert into insertconflicttest values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do select; -- fails
+insert into insertconflicttest values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do select returning *;
+insert into insertconflicttest values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do select returning *;
+insert into insertconflicttest as i values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do select where i.fruit = 'Apple' returning *;
+insert into insertconflicttest as i values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do select where i.fruit = 'Orange' returning *;
+insert into insertconflicttest as i values (1, 'Orange') on conflict (key) do select where excluded.fruit = 'Apple' returning *;
+insert into insertconflicttest as i values (1, 'Orange') on conflict (key) do select where excluded.fruit = 'Orange' returning *;
+delete from insertconflicttest where fruit = 'Apple';
+insert into insertconflicttest values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do select for update returning *;
+insert into insertconflicttest values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do select for update returning *;
+insert into insertconflicttest as i values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do select for update where i.fruit = 'Apple' returning *;
+insert into insertconflicttest as i values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do select for update where i.fruit = 'Orange' returning *;
+insert into insertconflicttest as i values (1, 'Orange') on conflict (key) do select for update where excluded.fruit = 'Apple' returning *;
+insert into insertconflicttest as i values (1, 'Orange') on conflict (key) do select for update where excluded.fruit = 'Orange' returning *;
+insert into insertconflicttest as ict values (3, 'Pear') on conflict (key) do select for update returning old.*, new.*, ict.*;
+insert into insertconflicttest as ict values (3, 'Banana') on conflict (key) do select for update returning old.*, new.*, ict.*;
+
+explain (costs off) insert into insertconflicttest values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do select for key share returning *;
+
+truncate insertconflicttest;
+insert into insertconflicttest values (1, 'Apple'), (2, 'Orange');
+
 -- Give good diagnostic message when EXCLUDED.* spuriously referenced from
 -- RETURNING:
 insert into insertconflicttest values (1, 'Apple') on conflict (key) do update set fruit = excluded.fruit RETURNING excluded.fruit;
@@ -454,6 +513,30 @@ begin transaction isolation level serializable;
 insert into selfconflict values (6,1), (6,2) on conflict(f1) do update set f2 = 0;
 commit;
 
+begin transaction isolation level read committed;
+insert into selfconflict values (7,1), (7,2) on conflict(f1) do select returning *;
+commit;
+
+begin transaction isolation level repeatable read;
+insert into selfconflict values (8,1), (8,2) on conflict(f1) do select returning *;
+commit;
+
+begin transaction isolation level serializable;
+insert into selfconflict values (9,1), (9,2) on conflict(f1) do select returning *;
+commit;
+
+begin transaction isolation level read committed;
+insert into selfconflict values (10,1), (10,2) on conflict(f1) do select for update returning *;
+commit;
+
+begin transaction isolation level repeatable read;
+insert into selfconflict values (11,1), (11,2) on conflict(f1) do select for update returning *;
+commit;
+
+begin transaction isolation level serializable;
+insert into selfconflict values (12,1), (12,2) on conflict(f1) do select for update returning *;
+commit;
+
 select * from selfconflict;
 
 drop table selfconflict;
@@ -468,13 +551,17 @@ insert into parted_conflict_test values (1, 'a') on conflict do nothing;
 -- index on a required, which does exist in parent
 insert into parted_conflict_test values (1, 'a') on conflict (a) do nothing;
 insert into parted_conflict_test values (1, 'a') on conflict (a) do update set b = excluded.b;
+insert into parted_conflict_test values (1, 'a') on conflict (a) do select returning *;
+insert into parted_conflict_test values (1, 'a') on conflict (a) do select for update returning *;
 
 -- targeting partition directly will work
 insert into parted_conflict_test_1 values (1, 'a') on conflict (a) do nothing;
 insert into parted_conflict_test_1 values (1, 'b') on conflict (a) do update set b = excluded.b;
+insert into parted_conflict_test_1 values (1, 'b') on conflict (a) do select returning b;
 
 -- index on b required, which doesn't exist in parent
-insert into parted_conflict_test values (2, 'b') on conflict (b) do update set a = excluded.a;
+insert into parted_conflict_test values (2, 'b') on conflict (b) do update set a = excluded.a; -- fail
+insert into parted_conflict_test values (2, 'b') on conflict (b) do select returning b; -- fail
 
 -- targeting partition directly will work
 insert into parted_conflict_test_1 values (2, 'b') on conflict (b) do update set a = excluded.a;
@@ -482,13 +569,16 @@ insert into parted_conflict_test_1 values (2, 'b') on conflict (b) do update set
 -- should see (2, 'b')
 select * from parted_conflict_test order by a;
 
--- now check that DO UPDATE works correctly for target partition with
+-- now check that DO UPDATE/SELECT works correctly for target partition with
 -- different attribute numbers
 create table parted_conflict_test_2 (b char, a int unique);
 alter table parted_conflict_test attach partition parted_conflict_test_2 for values in (3);
 truncate parted_conflict_test;
 insert into parted_conflict_test values (3, 'a') on conflict (a) do update set b = excluded.b;
 insert into parted_conflict_test values (3, 'b') on conflict (a) do update set b = excluded.b;
+insert into parted_conflict_test values (3, 'a') on conflict (a) do select returning b;
+insert into parted_conflict_test values (3, 'a') on conflict (a) do select where excluded.b = 'a' returning parted_conflict_test;
+insert into parted_conflict_test values (3, 'a') on conflict (a) do select where parted_conflict_test.b = 'b' returning b;
 
 -- should see (3, 'b')
 select * from parted_conflict_test order by a;
@@ -499,6 +589,7 @@ create table parted_conflict_test_3 partition of parted_conflict_test for values
 truncate parted_conflict_test;
 insert into parted_conflict_test (a, b) values (4, 'a') on conflict (a) do update set b = excluded.b;
 insert into parted_conflict_test (a, b) values (4, 'b') on conflict (a) do update set b = excluded.b where parted_conflict_test.b = 'a';
+insert into parted_conflict_test (a, b) values (4, 'b') on conflict (a) do select returning b;
 
 -- should see (4, 'b')
 select * from parted_conflict_test order by a;
@@ -509,6 +600,7 @@ create table parted_conflict_test_4_1 partition of parted_conflict_test_4 for va
 truncate parted_conflict_test;
 insert into parted_conflict_test (a, b) values (5, 'a') on conflict (a) do update set b = excluded.b;
 insert into parted_conflict_test (a, b) values (5, 'b') on conflict (a) do update set b = excluded.b where parted_conflict_test.b = 'a';
+insert into parted_conflict_test (a, b) values (5, 'b') on conflict (a) do select where parted_conflict_test.b = 'a' returning b;
 
 -- should see (5, 'b')
 select * from parted_conflict_test order by a;
@@ -521,6 +613,25 @@ insert into parted_conflict_test (a, b) values (1, 'b'), (2, 'c'), (4, 'b') on c
 -- should see (1, 'b'), (2, 'a'), (4, 'b')
 select * from parted_conflict_test order by a;
 
+-- test DO SELECT with multiple rows hitting different partitions
+truncate parted_conflict_test;
+insert into parted_conflict_test (a, b) values (1, 'a'), (2, 'b'), (4, 'c');
+insert into parted_conflict_test (a, b) values (1, 'x'), (2, 'y'), (4, 'z') on conflict (a) do select returning *;
+
+-- should see original values (1, 'a'), (2, 'b'), (4, 'c')
+select * from parted_conflict_test order by a;
+
+-- test DO SELECT with WHERE filtering across partitions
+insert into parted_conflict_test (a, b) values (1, 'n') on conflict (a) do select where parted_conflict_test.b = 'a' returning *;
+insert into parted_conflict_test (a, b) values (2, 'n') on conflict (a) do select where parted_conflict_test.b = 'x' returning *;
+
+-- test DO SELECT with EXCLUDED in WHERE across partitions with different layouts
+insert into parted_conflict_test (a, b) values (3, 't') on conflict (a) do select where excluded.b = 't' returning *;
+
+-- test DO SELECT FOR UPDATE across different partition layouts
+insert into parted_conflict_test (a, b) values (1, 'l') on conflict (a) do select for update returning *;
+insert into parted_conflict_test (a, b) values (3, 'l') on conflict (a) do select for update returning *;
+
 drop table parted_conflict_test;
 
 -- test behavior of inserting a conflicting tuple into an intermediate
diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/rowsecurity.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/rowsecurity.sql
index 5d923c5ca3b..b3e282c19d3 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/sql/rowsecurity.sql
+++ b/src/test/regress/sql/rowsecurity.sql
@@ -141,6 +141,19 @@ INSERT INTO rls_test_tgt VALUES (3, 'tgt a') ON CONFLICT (a) DO UPDATE SET b = '
 INSERT INTO rls_test_tgt VALUES (3, 'tgt c') ON CONFLICT (a) DO UPDATE SET b = 'tgt d' RETURNING *;
 ROLLBACK;
 
+-- ON CONFLICT DO SELECT should be similar to DO UPDATE, except there
+-- is not need to check the UPDATE policy in that case.
+BEGIN;
+INSERT INTO rls_test_tgt VALUES (4, 'tgt a') ON CONFLICT (a) DO SELECT RETURNING *;
+INSERT INTO rls_test_tgt VALUES (4, 'tgt a') ON CONFLICT (a) DO SELECT RETURNING *;
+ROLLBACK;
+
+-- ON CONFLICT DO SELECT FOR UPDATE should have the exact same RLS behaviour as DO UPDATE
+BEGIN;
+INSERT INTO rls_test_tgt VALUES (5, 'tgt a') ON CONFLICT (a) DO SELECT FOR UPDATE RETURNING *;
+INSERT INTO rls_test_tgt VALUES (5, 'tgt c') ON CONFLICT (a) DO SELECT FOR UPDATE RETURNING *;
+ROLLBACK;
+
 -- MERGE should always apply SELECT USING policy clauses to both source and
 -- target rows
 MERGE INTO rls_test_tgt t USING rls_test_src s ON t.a = s.a
@@ -952,11 +965,53 @@ INSERT INTO document VALUES (4, (SELECT cid from category WHERE cname = 'novel')
 INSERT INTO document VALUES (1, (SELECT cid from category WHERE cname = 'novel'), 1, 'regress_rls_bob', 'my first novel')
     ON CONFLICT (did) DO UPDATE SET dauthor = 'regress_rls_carol';
 
+--
+-- INSERT ... ON CONFLICT DO SELECT and Row-level security
+--
+
+SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION regress_rls_alice;
+DROP POLICY p3_with_all ON document;
+
+CREATE POLICY p1_select_novels ON document FOR SELECT
+  USING (cid = (SELECT cid from category WHERE cname = 'novel'));
+CREATE POLICY p2_insert_own ON document FOR INSERT
+  WITH CHECK (dauthor = current_user);
+CREATE POLICY p3_update_novels ON document FOR UPDATE
+  USING (cid = (SELECT cid from category WHERE cname = 'novel'))
+  WITH CHECK (dauthor = current_user);
+
+SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION regress_rls_bob;
+
+-- DO SELECT requires SELECT rights, should succeed for novel
+INSERT INTO document VALUES (1, (SELECT cid from category WHERE cname = 'novel'), 1, 'regress_rls_bob', 'another novel')
+    ON CONFLICT (did) DO SELECT RETURNING did, dauthor, dtitle;
+
+-- DO SELECT requires SELECT rights, should fail for non-novel
+INSERT INTO document VALUES (33, (SELECT cid from category WHERE cname = 'science fiction'), 1, 'regress_rls_bob', 'another sci-fi')
+    ON CONFLICT (did) DO SELECT RETURNING did, dauthor, dtitle;
+
+-- DO SELECT with WHERE and EXCLUDED reference
+INSERT INTO document VALUES (1, (SELECT cid from category WHERE cname = 'novel'), 1, 'regress_rls_bob', 'another novel')
+    ON CONFLICT (did) DO SELECT WHERE excluded.dlevel = 1 RETURNING did, dauthor, dtitle;
+
+-- DO SELECT FOR UPDATE requires both SELECT and UPDATE rights, should succeed for novel
+INSERT INTO document VALUES (1, (SELECT cid from category WHERE cname = 'novel'), 1, 'regress_rls_bob', 'another novel')
+    ON CONFLICT (did) DO SELECT FOR UPDATE RETURNING did, dauthor, dtitle;
+
+-- DO SELECT FOR UPDATE requires UPDATE rights, should fail for non-novel
+INSERT INTO document VALUES (33, (SELECT cid from category WHERE cname = 'science fiction'), 1, 'regress_rls_bob', 'another sci-fi')
+    ON CONFLICT (did) DO SELECT FOR UPDATE RETURNING did, dauthor, dtitle;
+
+SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION regress_rls_alice;
+DROP POLICY p1_select_novels ON document;
+DROP POLICY p2_insert_own ON document;
+DROP POLICY p3_update_novels ON document;
+
+
 --
 -- MERGE
 --
 RESET SESSION AUTHORIZATION;
-DROP POLICY p3_with_all ON document;
 
 ALTER TABLE document ADD COLUMN dnotes text DEFAULT '';
 -- all documents are readable
diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/rules.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/rules.sql
index 3f240bec7b0..40f5c16e540 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/sql/rules.sql
+++ b/src/test/regress/sql/rules.sql
@@ -1205,6 +1205,32 @@ SELECT * FROM hat_data WHERE hat_name IN ('h8', 'h9', 'h7') ORDER BY hat_name;
 
 DROP RULE hat_upsert ON hats;
 
+-- DO SELECT with a WHERE clause
+CREATE RULE hat_confsel AS ON INSERT TO hats
+    DO INSTEAD
+    INSERT INTO hat_data VALUES (
+           NEW.hat_name,
+           NEW.hat_color)
+        ON CONFLICT (hat_name)
+        DO SELECT FOR UPDATE
+           WHERE excluded.hat_color <>  'forbidden' AND hat_data.* != excluded.*
+        RETURNING *;
+SELECT definition FROM pg_rules WHERE tablename = 'hats' ORDER BY rulename;
+
+-- fails without RETURNING
+INSERT INTO hats VALUES ('h7', 'blue');
+
+-- works (returns conflicts)
+EXPLAIN (costs off)
+INSERT INTO hats VALUES ('h7', 'blue') RETURNING *;
+INSERT INTO hats VALUES ('h7', 'blue') RETURNING *;
+
+-- conflicts excluded by WHERE clause
+INSERT INTO hats VALUES ('h7', 'forbidden') RETURNING *;
+INSERT INTO hats VALUES ('h7', 'black') RETURNING *;
+
+DROP RULE hat_confsel ON hats;
+
 drop table hats;
 drop table hat_data;
 
diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/triggers.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/triggers.sql
index 5f7f75d7ba5..ee451ec7ed3 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/sql/triggers.sql
+++ b/src/test/regress/sql/triggers.sql
@@ -1197,6 +1197,8 @@ insert into upsert values(5, 'purple') on conflict (key) do update set color = '
 insert into upsert values(6, 'white') on conflict (key) do update set color = 'updated ' || upsert.color;
 insert into upsert values(7, 'pink') on conflict (key) do update set color = 'updated ' || upsert.color;
 insert into upsert values(8, 'yellow') on conflict (key) do update set color = 'updated ' || upsert.color;
+insert into upsert values(3, 'orange') on conflict (key) do select for update returning old.*, new.*, upsert.*;
+insert into upsert values(3, 'orange') on conflict (key) do select for update where upsert.key = 4 returning old.*, new.*, upsert.*;
 
 select * from upsert;
 
diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/updatable_views.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/updatable_views.sql
index c071fffc116..d9f1ca5bd97 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/sql/updatable_views.sql
+++ b/src/test/regress/sql/updatable_views.sql
@@ -106,6 +106,14 @@ INSERT INTO rw_view15 (a) VALUES (3) ON CONFLICT (a) DO UPDATE set a = excluded.
 SELECT * FROM rw_view15;
 INSERT INTO rw_view15 (a) VALUES (3) ON CONFLICT (a) DO UPDATE set upper = 'blarg'; -- fails
 SELECT * FROM rw_view15;
+-- Test ON CONFLICT DO SELECT with updatable views
+-- This tests behavior consistency between DO SELECT and DO UPDATE when using WHERE clauses
+-- Note: rw_view15 is defined as "SELECT a, upper(b) FROM base_tbl" where base_tbl.b has DEFAULT 'Unspecified'
+INSERT INTO rw_view15 (a) VALUES (3) ON CONFLICT (a) DO SELECT RETURNING *; -- needs RETURNING, should return existing row
+INSERT INTO rw_view15 (a) VALUES (3) ON CONFLICT (a) DO SELECT WHERE excluded.upper = 'UNSPECIFIED' RETURNING *; -- WHERE on view column (uppercase)
+INSERT INTO rw_view15 (a) VALUES (3) ON CONFLICT (a) DO UPDATE SET a = excluded.a WHERE excluded.upper = 'UNSPECIFIED' RETURNING *; -- compare DO UPDATE with same WHERE
+INSERT INTO rw_view15 (a) VALUES (3) ON CONFLICT (a) DO SELECT WHERE excluded.upper = 'Unspecified' RETURNING *; -- WHERE on excluded value (mixed case)
+INSERT INTO rw_view15 (a) VALUES (3) ON CONFLICT (a) DO UPDATE SET a = excluded.a WHERE excluded.upper = 'Unspecified' RETURNING *; -- compare DO UPDATE with same WHERE
 SELECT * FROM rw_view15;
 ALTER VIEW rw_view15 ALTER COLUMN upper SET DEFAULT 'NOT SET';
 INSERT INTO rw_view15 (a) VALUES (4); -- should fail
diff --git a/src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list b/src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list
index cf3f6a7dafd..7a25a7bd6d0 100644
--- a/src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list
+++ b/src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list
@@ -1820,9 +1820,9 @@ OldToNewMappingData
 OnCommitAction
 OnCommitItem
 OnConflictAction
+OnConflictActionState
 OnConflictClause
 OnConflictExpr
-OnConflictSetState
 OpClassCacheEnt
 OpExpr
 OpFamilyMember
-- 
2.48.1

